ACACE´SIUM(Ἀκακήσιον: Eth. Ἀκακήσιος), a town of Arcadia in the district of Parrhasia, at the foot of a hill of the same name, and 36 stadia on the road from Megalopolis to Phigalea. It is said to have been founded by Acacus, son of Lycaon; and according to some traditions Hermes was brought up at this place by Acacus, and hence derived the surname of Acacesius. Upon the hill there was a statue in stone, in the time of Pausanias, of Hermes Acacesius; and four stadia from the town was a celebrated temple of Despoena. This temple probably stood on the hill, on which are now the remains of the church of St. Elias. (Paus. 8.3.2, 8.27.4, 8.36.10; Steph. Byz. s. v.;Ross, Reisen im Peloponnes, vol. 1. p. 87.)