Caesar, ăris (CAESERIS, C. I. L. 4, 2308; Inscr. Orell. 4205: CAESARVS, C. I. L. 1, 696), m., = Καῖσαρ [a caeso matris utero, Plin. 7, 9, 7, § 47; cf. Non. p. 556, 32: a caesarie dictus, qui scilicet cum caesarie natus est, Fest. p. 44; cf. Comment. p. 383. Both etymm. also in Isid. Orig. 9, 3, 12, and Spart. Ael. Ver. 2. Better acc. to Doed. Syn. III. p. 17, from caesius, caeruleus, the color of the skin; cf. Rufus],
I a cognomen in the gens Julia. Of these the most celebrated , C.Julius Caesar, distinguished as general , orator , statesman , and author , was assassinated by Brutus and Cassius , B.C. 44. After him all the emperors bore the name Caesar, with the title Augustus, until, under Adrian, this difference arose: Augustus designated the ruling emperor; Caesar, the heir to the throne , the crown-prince , etc., Spart. Ael. Ver. 1, § 2; Aur. Vict. Caes. 13, § 12.—
II Derivv.
A Caesărīnus , a, um, adj., of or relating to the triumvir Julius Caesar , Caesarian : celeritas, Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1 Orell. N.cr. —
B Caesărĭānus , a, um, adj.
1 Of the triumvir Caesar , Caesarian : bellum civile, Nep. Att. 7, 1.— Hence, Caesărĭāni , ōrum, m., the adherents of Caesar in the civil war (as Pompeiani, his opponents), Auct. B. Afr. 13: orationes, orations of Cicero in which Caesar was praised (pro Marcello, Deiotaro, De Provinciis Consularibus, etc.), Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 131.—
2 Imperial , Vop. Carin. init. : Pallas (esp. honored by Domitian), Mart. 8, 1.—Hence, subst.
a Caesărĭāni , ōrum, m.
α A class of provincial imperial officers , Cod. Just. 10, 1, 5; 10, 1, 7; Cod. Th. 10, 7.—
β Partisans of Caesar , Auct. B. Afr. 13; Flor. 4, 3.—
b Caesărĭānum , i, n., a kind of eye-salve , Cels. 6, 6, n. 27.—
C Caesă-rĕus , a, um, adj.
1 Of or pertaining to the triumvir Caesar , Caesarian (mostly poet.): sanguis, Ov. M. 1, 201: Penates, id. ib. 15, 864: Vesta, id. ib. 15, 865: forum, founded by him , Stat. S. 1, 1, 85.—
2 Imperial : amphitheatrum, built by the emperor Domitian , Mart. Spect. 1, 7: leones, presented by Domitian in the fight of wild beasts , id. Epigr. 1, 7, 3.