arbor (arbŏs, Lucr. 1, 774; 6, 786 Lachm.; Ov. M. 2, 212; id. F. 1, 153 (but Merk. arbor, in both places); Verg. E. 3, 56; id. G. 2, 57; 2, 81; id. A. 3, 27; 6, 206 Rib. al.: acc. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), ŏris, f. (m., INTER DVOS ARBORES, Inscr. Lyon, I. 27) [v. arduus].
I A tree.
A In gen.: arbores serere, to plant , Caecil. Stat. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31; Cic. Sen. 17, 59: poni, Verg. G. 2, 278: arbos se sustulit, id. ib. 2, 57: arbores putare, Cato R. R. 32, 1: arbores frondescere, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69: arboribus frondes redeunt, Ov. F. 3, 237: arbos silvestris, Verg. E. 3, 70: ramosa, Lucr. 5, 1096: umbrosa, Verg. G. 2, 66; so Ov. P. 4, 5, 41: ingens, Verg. G. 2, 81: alta, Ov. M. 15, 404: summa, Verg. G. 4, 557; so Ov. M. 12, 15: patula, id. ib. 1, 106: fertilis, Verg. G. 4, 142: in quibus (arboribus) non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 178: sub ramis arboris altae, Lucr. 2, 30, and Verg. A. 7, 108: arborum rami, Vulg. Sap. 17, 17: arbor nuda sine frondibus, Ov. M. 13, 690; Vulg. Marc. 11, 8: arborum cortices, Vulg. Job, 30, 4: arbores ab radicibus subruere, Caes. B. G. 6, 27; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 130; Vulg. Matt. 3, 10: quarum (arborum) baca, Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31: jacent sua quāque sub arbore poma, Verg. E. 7, 54; Vulg. Lev. 26, 20: fructus arborum, Quint. 8, 5, 26; Vulg. Sap. 10, 7.—
B Spec. with gen. of species: alni, the alder-tree , Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 7: fici, the fig-tree, Cic. Fl. 17, 41; Vulg. Matt. 21, 19: arbores ficorum, Col. 11, 2, 59: arbor ficus (nom.), Vulg. Jud. 9, 10: abietis arbores, fir trees , Liv. 24, 3: arbor palmae, the palm-tree , Suet. Aug. 94: cupressūs, the cypress , id. Vesp. 5: arbor sycomorus, a sycamore , Vulg. Luc. 19, 4; so, arbor morus, ib. ib. 17, 6: arbores olivarum, olive trees , ib. Exod. 27, 20.—Poet.: Jovis, the oak-tree , Ov. M. 1, 106: Phoebi, the laurel-tree , id. F. 3, 139 (cf. id. ib. 6, 91: Apollinea laurus): Palladis, the olive-tree , id. A. A. 2, 518: arbor Herculea, the poplar , Verg. G. 2, 66 (cf.: Arborum genera numinibus suis dicata perpetuo servantur, ut Jovi aesculus, Apollini laurus, Minervae olea, Veneri myrtus, Herculi populus, Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 3; Phaedr. 3, 17) al.—
II Meton.
A Things made of wood (cf.: Mille sunt usus earum (arborum), sine quīs vita degi non possit. Arbore sulcamus, maria terrasque admovemus; arbore exaedificamus tecta; arborea et simulacra numinum fuere etc., Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5).
1 A mast.
α With mali: adversique infigitur arbore mali, Verg. A. 5, 504.—
β Without mali, Luc. 9, 332; Sil. 3, 129; Paul. Sent. 1. 2, t. 3.—
2 The lever or bar of a press , press-beam , Cato R. R. 18, 4; 18, 12; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—
3 An oar : centenāque arbore fluctum Verberat adsurgens, Verg. A. 10, 207.—
4 A ship : Phrixeam petiit Pelias arbor ovem, the ship Argo , Ov. H. 12, 8.—
5 The shaft of a javelin , a javelin , Stat. Th. 12, 769.—
6 Euphemist.: arbor infelix, a gallows , gibbet : caput obnubito, arbori infelici suspendito, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4 fin. ; Liv. 1, 26, 7; cf. Plin. 16, 26, 45, § 108 (Niebuhr, Röm. Gesch. I. § 365, compares the words of the Fries. law: am argen vordern Baum henken; cf. in Engl. to hang on the accursed tree ).—
B The fabulous polypus , which was fancied to have arms like the branches of a tree: In Gaditano Oceano arbor in tantum vastis dispansa armis, ut fretum numquam intrāsse credatur, Plin. 9, 4, 3, § 8.