artērĭa, ae, f. (artērĭum, i, n., v. infra), = ἀρτηρία.
I The windpipe : arteria ad pulmonem atque cor pertinens, Plin. 11, 37, 66, § 175; 20, 6, 22, § 49; so id. 22, 25, 66, § 136; Gell. 17, 11, 2 al.—From its internal roughness, also called arteria aspera (Gr. τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία): cum aspera arteria (sic enim a medicis appellatur) ostium habeat adjunctum linguae radicibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—And since it consists of two parts, also in the plur.: laeduntur arteriae, Auct. ad Her. 3, 12: arteriae reticendo acquiescunt, id. ib. 3, 12; Plin. 22, 23, 48, § 100; Suet. Ner. 25; id. Vit. 2; Gell. 10, 26, 9.—Once in the neutr. plur. : artērĭa , ōrum, * Lucr. 4, 529.—
II An artery : sanguis per venas in omne corpus diffunditur et spiritus per arterias, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. id. ib. fin. ; Sen. Q. N. 3, 15; arteriarum pulsus citatus aut tardus, etc., Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 219: arteria incisa non coit neque sanescit, Cels. 2, 10.—Sometimes it interchanges with vena; cf. Gell. 18, 10, 4 sq.