caedo, cĕcīdi (in MSS. freq. caecīdi, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 460), caesum, 3, v. a. [root cīd- for scid-; cf. scindo; Gr. σχίζω].
I Lit.
A In gen.
1 To cut , hew , lop , cut down , fell , cut off , cut to pieces : caesa abiegna trabes, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 75 (Trag. v. 281 Vahl.): frondem querneam caedito, Cato R. R. 5, 8: arbores, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33; Ov. M. 9, 230: robur, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86; Ov. M. 8, 769: lignum, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 63: silvam, Varr ap. Non. p. 272, 5; Lucr. 5, 1265; Caes. B. G. 3, 29; Ov. M. 8, 329; Suet. Aug. 94 fin. ; Pall. Mai, 4, 1: nemus, Ov. M. 2, 418; cf. id. ib. 1, 94; 9, 230; 9, 374; 14, 535: harundinem, Dig. 7, 1, 59, § 2: arboris auctum, Lucr. 6, 167: comam vitis, Tib. 1, 7, 34: faenum, Col. 2, 18, 1: murus latius quam caederetur ruebat, Liv. 21, 11, 9: caesis montis fodisse medullis, Cat. 68, 111; so, caedi montis in marmora, Plin. 12, prooem. § 2: lapis caedendus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147: silicem, id. Div. 2, 41, 85: marmor, Dig. 24, 3, 7, § 13: toga rotunda et apte caesa, cut out , Quint. 11, 3, 139: caedunt securibus umida vina, with axes they cut out the wine (formerly liquid, now frozen), Verg. G. 3, 364: volutas, to carve or hollow out volutes , Vitr. 3, 3: tineae omnia caedunt, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 14.—
b Prov.: ut vineta egomet caedam mea, i. e. carry my own hide to market , Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 220 (proverbium in eos dicitur, qui sibi volentes nocent, Schol. Crucq.; cf. Tib. 1, 2, 98; Verg. A. 5, 672).—
c Ruta caesa; v ruo, P. a.—
2 In gen., to strike upon something , to knock at , to beat , strike , cudgel , etc.: ut lapidem ferro quom caedimus evolat ignis, strike upon with iron , Lucr. 6, 314: caedere januam saxis, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: silicem rostro, Liv. 41, 13, 1: vasa dolabris, Curt. 5, 6, 5: femur, pectus, frontem, Quint. 2, 12, 10; cf. id. 11, 3, 123 al.: verberibus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 45; so Ter. And. 199: pugnis, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 43: aliquem ex occulto, Ter. Eun. 787: at validis socios caedebant dentibus apri, they fell with their strong tusks upon their own party , Lucr. 5, 1325; cf. Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 71: virgis ad necem caedi, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 69; Hor. S. 1, 2, 42: populum saxis, id. ib. 2, 3, 128: ferulā aliquem, id. ib. 1, 3, 120: flagris, Quint. 6, 3, 25: aliquem loris, Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Suet. Ner. 26; 49; id. Dom. 8: caeduntur (agrestes) inter potentium inimicitias, Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 27 Dietsch: nudatos virgis, Liv. 2, 5, 8: hastilibus caedentes terga trepidantium, id. 35, 5, 10: servum sub furcā caesum medio egerat circo, i.e. ita ut simul caederet, id. 2, 36, 1.—
b Prov.: stimulos pugnis caedere, to kick against the pricks , to aggravate a danger by foolish resistance , Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55.—
c Trop.: in judicio testibus caeditur, is pressed , hard pushed , Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 3.—
B Pregn.
1 (Cf. cado, I. B. 2.) To strike mortally , to kill , murder : ille dies, quo Ti. Gracchus est caesus, Cic. Mil. 5, 14: P. Africanus de Tiberio Graccho responderat jure caesum videri, id. de Or. 2, 25, 106; id. Off. 2, 12, 43: caeso Argo, Ov. M. 2, 533; 5, 148; 12, 113; 12, 590; 12, 603; Suet. Caes. 76 al. —Poet., transf. to the blood shed in slaying : caeso sparsuros sanguine flammam, Verg. A. 11, 82.—Esp. freq.,
b In milit. lang., to slay a single enemy; or, when a hostile army as a whole is spoken of, to conquer with great slaughter , to cut to pieces , vanquish , destroy (cf. Oud., Wolf, and Baumg.Crus. upon Suet. Vesp. 4): exercitus caesus fususque, Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 1: Romani insecuti (hostem), caedentes spoliantesque caesos, castra regia diripiunt, Liv. 32, 12, 10; 2, 47, 9: infra arcem caesi captique multi mortales, id. 4, 61, 6; 22, 7, 2 and 9; Quint. 12, 10, 24; Suet. Aug. 21; 23; id. Vesp. 4: Indos, Curt. 9, 5, 19: passim obvios, id. 5, 6, 6: praesidium, id. 4, 5, 17: propugnatores reipublicae, Quint. 12, 10, 24: caesus (hostis) per calles saltusque vagando circumagatur, Liv. 44, 36, 10 Kreyss.: consulem exercitumque caesum, id. 22, 56, 2: legio-nes nostras cecidere, id. 7, 30, 14; so Nep. Dat. 6, 4; Tac. Agr. 18; Suet. Claud. 1.— And poet., the leader is put for the army: Pyrrhum et ingentem cecidit Antiochum Hannibalemque dirum, Hor. C. 3, 6, 36.—In poet. hypallage: caesi corporum acervi (for caesorum), Cat. 64, 359.—
c To slaughter animals , esp. for offerings , to kill , slay , sacrifice : caedit greges armentorum, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: boves, Ov. M. 15, 141: deorum mentes caesis hostiis placare, Cic. Clu. 68, 194: caesis victimis, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 8, 6, 11; 10, 7, 10; 45, 7, 1; Tac. A. 2, 75; Suet. Caes. 81; id. Calig. 14; id. Ner. 25; id. Oth. 8; id. Galb. 18; id. Claud. 25; Just. 11, 5, 6 al.; Verg. A. 5, 96; Hor. Epod. 2, 59; Ov.M.13, 637; Juv. 6, 48; 6, 447; 8, 156; 12, 3 al.: inter caesa et porrecta; v. porricio.—
d Hence, since security for a person was anciently given by the deposit of sheep belonging to him, which were slaughtered in case of forfeiture, leg. t. t.: pignus caedere (or concidere), to declare the for feiture of a security , to confiscate a pledge : non tibi illa sunt caedenda, si L. Crassum vis coërcere, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4.—
2 In mal. part. ( = concido; cf.: jam hoc, caede, concide: nonne vobis verba depromere videtur ad omne genus nequitiae accommodata? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155); Cat. 56, 7; Auct. Priap. 25, 10; Tert. Pall. 4.—
II Trop.: caedere sermones, a Grecism, acc. to Prisc. 18, p. 1118 P., = κόπτειν τὰ ῥήματα, to chop words , chat , talk , converse , Ter. Heaut. 242; cf. Non. p. 272, 13, and Prisc. p. 1188 P.: oratio caesa, i. e. asyndeton , Auct. Her. 4, 19, 26; Aquil. Rom. §§ 18 and 19; Mart. Cap. 5; § 528.
XVI —Hence, caesum , i, n.; subst. in gram. synon. with comma, a stop , pause , comma , Mart. Cap. 5, § 527; Aquil. Rom. § 19; Fortun. Art. Rhet. 3, 10.