dēnĭquē, adv. [etym. dub.; perh. dēnĭ, locative of de, and que].
I Orig. denoting succession in time, and thereupon, and then, in the sequel .
A In gen. (rare—for syn. cf.: tum, demum, tandem, postremo): omnes negabant ... denique hercle jam pudebat, Ter. Hec. 806: risu omnes qui aderant emoriri. Denique Metuebant omnes jam me, id. Eun. 432: ille imperat reliquis civitatibus obsides. Denique ei rei constituit diem, Caes. B. G. 7, 64: ferme ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt post principia denique, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 4.—In the interrogatory formula: quid denique agitis? and what did you do then? Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 60: id. Truc. 2, 4, 47.—More freq.,
B Pregn., ending a period, at last, at length; lastly, finally : boat caelum fremitu virum ... Denique, ut voluimus, nostra superat manus, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 12; Ter. And. 147: nisi quia lubet experiri, quo evasuru 'st denique, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 93; cf. Ter. Heaut. 569; id. Phorm. 121: Nil nostri miserere? mori me denique coges, Verg. E. 2, 7: quid jam misero mihi denique restat? id. A. 2, 70; 2, 295 al.—
b Strengthened by ad extremum, ad postremum, or tandem: boni nescio quomodo tardiores sunt, et principiis rerum neglectis ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur, Cic. Sest. 47: victus denique ad postremum est, Just. 12, 16 fin. ; 37, 1 fin. : et tandem denique devorato pudore ad Milonem aio, Ap. M. 2, p. 121.—
c Sometimes of that which happens after a long delay = tandem: quae (sc. urbana) ego diu ignorans, ex tuis jucundissimis litteris a. d. V. Cal. Jan. denique cognovi, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 8: aliquam mihi partem hodie operae des denique, jam tandem ades ilico, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 40.—
d With the particles tum, nunc, or an abl. of time (nearly = demum), just. precisely : tum denique homines nostra intellegimus bona, cum, etc., Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 39: qui convenit polliceri operam suam reip. tum denique, si necessitate cogentur? etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 6; so tum denique, id. Quint. 13, 43; id. Tusc. 3, 31, 75; id. de Sen. 23, 82; id. Fin. 1, 19, 64 et saep.; and separated, id. Lael. 22, 84; id. Caecin. 34 fin. : tantum accessit, ut mihi nunc denique amare videar, antea dilexisse, id. Fam. 9, 14, 5; cf. id. Quint. 13: ne is, de cujus officio nemo umquam dubitavit, sexagesimo denique anno dedecore notetur, id. ib. 31, 99; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 22, 4; id. B. C. 1, 5, 2; Sall. J. 105, 3.—
β Like demum with pronouns, to give emphasis: si qua metu dempto casta est, ea denique casta est, Ov. Am. 3, 4, 3: is enim denique honos mihi videri solet, qui, etc., Cic. Fam. 10, 10; cf.: eo denique, Cic. Quint. 11, 38.—
γ With vix (like vix demum): posita vix denique mensa, Ov. H. 16, 215.—
II Transf., in enumerations.
A Like dein (deinde) followed by postremo, or ad postremum (rare): denique sequitur ... postremo si est, etc., Varr. L. L. 7, 19, 113: omnes urbes, agri, regna denique, postremo etiam vectigalia vestra venierint, Cic. Agr. 2, 23 fin. ; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; cf. id. Fam. 2, 15, 4: primum illis cum Lucanis bellum fuit .. Denique Alexander rex Epiri .. cum omnibus copiis ab his deletus est .. ad postremum Agathocles, etc., Just. 23, 1, 15. —
B Pregn., to introduce the last of a series, finally, lastly, in fine (the usual meaning of the word; cf.: postremo, novissime, ad extremum): consilium ceperunt ... ut nomen hujus de parricidio deferrent, ut ad eam rem aliquem accusatorem veterem compararent ... denique ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Ov. Tr. 2, 231: cur etiam secundo proelio aliquos ex suis amitteret? cur vulnerari pateretur optime de se meritos milites? cur denique fortunam periclitaretur? Caes. B. C. 1, 72, 2: aut denique, Cic. Arch. 6, 12: qui denique, id. Rep. 1, 17: tum denique, Verg. G. 2, 369 et saep.: cum de moribus, de virtutibus, denique de republica disputet (Socrates), Cic. Rep. 1, 10: mathematici, poetae, musici, medici denique, etc., id. Fin. 5, 3, 7: denique etiam, id. Fl. 4, 9: primum omnium me ipsum vigilare, etc.: deinde magnos animos esse in bonis viris ..: deos denique immortales. auxilium esse laturos, id. Cat. 2, 9.—
2 Freq. in ascending to a climax, or to a higher or more general expression, in a word, in fine, in short, briefly, even, in fact, indeed : quis hunc hominem rite dixerit, qui sibi cum suis civibus, qui denique cum omni hominum genere nullam esse juris communionem velit? Cic. Rep. 2, 26: nemo bonus, nemo denique civis est, qui, etc., id. Pis. 20, 45; id. Verr. 2, 2, 69; Liv. 4, 56; Tac. A. 2, 10 al.: pernegabo atque obdurabo, perjurabo denique, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 56; cf. Ter. Ad. 497; id. Hec. 717; Cic. Quint. 16, 51; id. Verr. 2, 2, 23 al.: numquam tam mane egredior, neque tam vesperi domum revortor, quin te in fundo conspicer fodere, aut arare, aut aliquid facere denique, Ter. Heaut. 67: quod malum majus, seu tantum denique? Cic. Att. 10, 8, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 2: ne nummi pereant, aut pyga aut denique fama, Hor. S. 1, 2, 133: haec denique ejus fuit postrema oratio, Ter. Phorm. 649; so Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317; id. Verr. 1, 27, 70; Nep. Pelop. 4, 3; Vell. 2, 113; Tac. A. 1, 26; Ov. M. 2, 95 al. —Hence, freq. emphatic with ipse: arma, tela, locos, tempora, denique naturam ipsam industria vicerat, Sall. J. 76: hoc denique ipso die, Cic. Mil. 36, 100.—With omnia, prius flamma, prius denique omnia, quam, etc., id. Phil. 13, 21, 49; Quint. 10, 1, 119; Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 13; cf.: quidquid denique, Cels. 2, 28, 1.—
3 In post-Aug. prose (esp. in the jurists), to denote an inference, in consequence, therefore, accordingly : hujus victoriae callide dissimulata laetitia est: denique non solita sacra Philippus illa die fecit, etc., Just. 9, 4, 1: pulcherrima Campaniae plaga est: nihil mollius caelo: denique bis floribus vernat, Flor. 1, 16, 3; Dig. 1, 7, 13; 10, 4, 3, § 15 et saep. So in citing a decision for a position assumed: denique Scaevola ait, etc., Dig. 7, 3, 4; 4, 4, 3; 7, 8, 14: exstat quidem exemplum ejus, qui gessit (sc. magistratum) caecus: Appius denique Claudius caecus consiliis publicis intererat, ib. 3, 1, 1, § 5 and 6; 48, 5, 8.—In class. usage denique includes the connective -que; once in Plaut. and often in late Lat. a copul. conj. precedes it: atque hoc denique, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 18: aurum, argentum, et denique aliae res, Gai. Inst. 2, 13; Dig. 1, 8, 1. See Hand Turs. II. p. 260-278.