dis-solvo, solvi, sŏlūtum, 3, v. a., to loosen asunder, to unloose, disunite, separate, dissolve, destroy (freq. and class.).
I Lit.
A In gen.: facilius est apta dissolvere quam dissipata conectere, Cic. Or. 71, 235: opus ipsa suum eadem quae coagmentavit natura dissolvit, id. de Sen. 20, 72: dissolvunt nodos omnes et vincla relaxant, Lucr. 6, 356: contextum, id. 1, 243: stamina, Tib. 1, 7, 2: ornatus comae, id. 1, 10, 62: capillum, Plin. 28, 7, 23, § 78: sparta navium, id. 24, 9, 40, § 65: pontem, Nep. Them. 5, 1 et saep.: nubila ventis, Lucr. 6, 514; cf. nubes (ventus, with diducit), id. 6, 216: glaciem (sol), to melt , id. 6, 964: aes (fulmen), id. 6, 352: corpora (vis), id. 1, 224: se (venti vortex), id. 6, 446: tenebras luce, Varr. L. L. 6, § 79 Müll.: dissolutum navigium vel potius dissipatum, Cic. Att. 15, 11, 3; so, navem, Phaedr. 4, 22, 10; Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 18: stomachum, i. e. to loosen , relax , Plin. 20, 23, 96, § 256: ilia sua visu, Petr. 24, 5: resinam omnem oleo, Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 123: collegia, Suet. Aug. 32: cohortem Germanorum, id. Galb. 12 et saep.: animam, i. e. to die , Lucr. 3, 601; cf. id. 456; Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24.—
B In partic.
1 In mercant. lang., to pay , discharge what one owes: dinumerando solvere: aes alienum praediis venditis, Cic. Sull. 20, 56; id. Off. 2, 2, 4; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44: nomen, Cic. Planc. 28: omne quod debuit, id. Rosc. Com. 13, 38: quae debeo, Ter. Phorm. 656: pecuniam pro iis rebus, * Caes. B. C. 1, 87, 1: pecuniam publicam ulli civitati, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 75: poenam, to pay a fine , id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; cf.: dissolvere et compensare damna, id. Verr. 2, 5, 13: vota, id. Att. 15, 11 fin. ; Cat. 66, 38.—*
b Mid., transf. to the person: quarum (possessionum) amore adducti dissolvi nullo modo possunt, free or release themselves from debt, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18.—
2 In medic. lang., like digerere, discutere, to discuss , dissipate morbid matter, Plin. 20, 12, 48, § 122; 24, 6, 14, § 23; 24, 9, 38, § 60 al.
II Trop., to dissolve , abolish , abrogate , annul , destroy.
A In gen.: utilitas si amicitias conglutinaret, eadem commutata dissolveret, Cic. Lael. 9, 32; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 188: amicitiam, id. Rosc. Am. 39: societatem, id. Rosc. Com. 13, 38: consortionem, id. Off. 3, 6: matrimonia, Cod. Just. 5, 17, 8 et saep.: perjurium, Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113; cf. religiones, Liv. 40, 29: acta Caesaris, Cic. Phil. 1, 7 fin. ; cf.: leges Caesaris, ib. 1, 8 init. : judicia publica, id. Agr. 2, 13 fin. : hoc interdictum, id. Caecin. 14, 40 et saep.: argentariam, id. ib. 4, 11: regiam potestatem, Nep. Lys. 3 fin. ; cf. rem publicam, Liv. 5, 6 fin. : severitatem, Cic. Mur. 31, 65: frigus, Hor. C. 1, 9, 5 et saep.: mortem cuncta mortalium mala dissolvere, Sall. C. 51, 20; cf. with pers. object: plerosque senectus dissolvit, id. J. 17, 6.—
B In partic.
1 In rhet. and philos. lang., to refute , reply to , answer an assertion: criminatio tota dissoluta est (with diluere), Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82: seu proposita confirmamus, seu contra dicta dissolvimus, Quint. 4 prooem. § 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 38; id. Tusc. 3, 30; Quint. 5, 13, 2; Tac. A. 13, 21 al.—
2 (Acc. to I. B. 1. b.) To release , disengage one: obsecro, dissolve jam me, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 54; id. Poen. 1, 1, 20; Ter. Heaut. 511.
XII —Hence, dissŏ-lūtus , a, um, P. a., unloosed , loose , disconnected.
A Of discourse: alterum nimis est vinctum, ut de industria factum appareat; alterum nimis dissolutum, ut pervagatum ac vulgare videatur, Cic. Or. 57, 195; Quint. 2, 11, 7; 8, 6, 62 al.—Hence, subst.: dissolūtum , i, n., a gram. fig., i. q. ἀσύνδετον, asyndeton , Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41; Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207 (also ap. Quint. 9, 1, 34).—
B Of character, lax , remiss , negligent , inattentive , careless; licentious , dissolute (cf.: mollis, luxuriosus, effeminatus): negligere quid de se quisque sentiat, non solum arrogantis est, sed omnino dissoluti, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri, id. Cat. 1, 2, 4; cf.: in praetermittendo (opp. crudelis in animadvertendo), id. Verr. 2, 5, 3 fin. : opp. vehemens, id. ib. 2, 5, 40: (Verres) omnium hominum dissolutissimus crudelissimusque, id. ib. 2, 3, 56; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 57; id. Tusc. 4, 25 fin. ; Nep. Alcib. 1 fin. al.: quis tam dissolutus in re familiari fuisset, quis tam negligens, etc.? Cic. Quint. 11, 38; cf. id. ib. 12, 40 et saep.: animus, id. Rosc. Am. 11, 32; cf. mens luxu, Tac. A. 15, 49 fin. : consuetudo Graecorum, Cic. Fl. 9; and, mores, Phaedr. 1, 2, 12: comitas, Quint. 2, 2, 5: libelli multo dissolutiores ipsis actionibus, Sen. Contr. 5 praef.: nihil asperum ... nec tamen quicquam populare ac dissolutum, Cic. Att. 1, 19, 8; id. Off. 1, 35, 129.—Adv.: dissŏlūte .
a Acc. to A., loosely , disconnectedly : dicere demptis conjunctionibus, Cic. Or. 39, 135.—
b Acc. to B., laxly , negligently , carelessly : dissolute et turpiter scribere de restitutione alicujus, Cic. Att. 14, 13 fin. : vendere decumas, id. Verr. 2, 3, 39 fin. : jus suum relinquere, id. Caecin. 36: factum aliquid, id. Verr. 2, 5, 8; cf. id. Phil. 6, 1.