ex-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press or squeeze out, to force out (class.).
I Lit.: oleum ex malobathro, Plin. 12, 26, 59, § 129: sucum expresso semini, id. 20, 1, 2, § 3: sucum flore, id. 21, 19, 74, § 127: sucum radici, id. 27, 13, 109, § 136; cf.: vinum palmis, oleum sesamae (dat.), id. 6, 28, 32, § 161: oleum amygdalis, id. 13, 1, 2, § 8: sudorem de corpore, Lucr. 5, 487: lacrimulam oculos terendo, Ter. Eun. 68: si nubium conflictu ardor expressus se emiserit, id esse fulmen, Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44: liquorem per densa foramina (cribri), Ov. M. 12, 438; cf.: aquam in altum, Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 39: aquam in altitudinem, Vitr. 8, 7: quantum has (turres) quotidianus agger expresserat, had carried up , raised , Caes. B. G. 7, 22, 4 Oud.: pecuniam alicui, Suet. Oth. 5; id. Vesp. 4.—
B Transf.
1 With an object denoting that out of which something is pressed or squeezed, to press , squeeze , wring : spongiam ex oleo vel aceto, Cels. 5, 24 med. : lanam ex vino vel aceto, Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 31; cf.: Venus madidas exprimit imbre comas, Ov. A. A. 3, 224: spongiae expressae inter duas tabulas, Plin. 31, 11, 47, § 128: oleam, id. 12, 27, 60, § 130: folia rosae, id. 21, 18, 73, § 122: tuberculum, id. 11, 11, 12, § 29.—
2 To form by pressure , to represent , form , model , portray , express (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose; freq. in the elder Pliny): (faber) et ungues exprimet et molles imitabitur aere capillos, Hor. A. P. 33; cf.: alicujus furorem ... verecundiae ruborem, Plin. 34, 14, 40, § 140: expressa in cera ex anulo imago, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54: imaginem hominis gypso e facie ipsa, Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153; cf.: effigiem de signis, id. ib.: optime Herculem Delphis et Alexandrum, etc., id. 34, 8, 19, § 66 et saep.: vestis stricta et singulos artus exprimens, exhibiting , showing , Tac. G. 17: pulcher aspectu sit athleta, cujus lacertos exercitatio expressit, has well developed , made muscular , Quint. 8, 3, 10.
II Trop.
A To squeeze or wring out , to extort , wrest , elicit : lex, quam ex natura ipsa arripuimus, hausimus, expressimus, qs. pressed out , Cic. Mil. 4, 10: utilitas expressit nomina rerum, has imposed , Lucr. 5, 1029: cf.: cum ab iis saepius quaereret, neque ullam omnino vocem exprimere posset, Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 3: expressa est Romanis necessitas obsides dandi, Liv. 2, 13, 4: confessionem concessi maris hosti, id. 37, 31, 5: confessionem cruciatu, Suet. Galb. 10: deditionem ultimā necessitate, Liv. 8, 2, 6: pecunia vi expressa et coacta, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 165: tu si tuis blanditiis a Sicyoniis nummulorum aliquid expresseris, Cic. Att. 1, 19, 9: risum magis quam gemitum, Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 7 et saep.—With ut : expressi, ut conficere se tabulas negaret, have constrained , Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112: expressit, ut polliceretur, Curt. 6, 7. —
B Transf. (acc. to I. B. 2.), to imitate , copy , represent , to portray , describe , express , esp. in words (cf. reddo): cum magnitudine animi tum liberalitate vitam patris et consuetudinem expresserit, i. e. imitated , Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4: lex expressa ad naturam, id. Leg. 2, 5, 13: vitia imitatione ex aliquo expressa, id. de Or. 3, 12, 47: rem ante oculos ponit, cum exprimit omnia perspicue, ut res prope dicam manu tentari possit, Auct. Her. 4, 40, 62; cf. id. ib. § 63: hanc speciem Pasiteles caelavit argento et noster expressit Archias versibus, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: mores alicujus oratione, id. de Or. 2, 43, 184: multas nobis imagines fortissimorum virorum expressas scriptores Graeci et Latini reliquerunt, id. Arch. 6, 14; cf. id. ib. 12, 30: in Platonis libris omnibus fere Socrates exprimitur, id. de Or. 3, 4, 15: Mithridaticum bellum magnum atque difficile totum ab hoc expressum est, depicted to the life , id. Arch. 9, 21; cf.: ut Euryalum exprimat infans, may resemble , Juv. 6, 81.—With rel.-clause as object: diligenter, quae vis subjecta sit vocibus, id. Fin. 2, 2, 6: exprimere non possum, quanto sim gaudio affectus, tell , express , Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 2; Vell. 2, 124, 1: verbis exprimere quid quis sentiat, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 7: quod exprimere dicendo sensa possumus, Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 32: mores in scriptis exprimere, Suet. Vit. Ter. 4.—Of translating into another language, to render , translate : si modo id exprimere Latine potuero, Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. ib. 1, 44: κατάληψιν, verbum e verbo exprimentes comprehensionem dicemus, id. Ac. 2 ( Luc. ), 10, 31: nec tamen exprimi verbum e verbo necesse erit, id. Fin. 3, 4, 15; cf.: verbum de verbo expressum extulit, Ter. Ad. 11: fabellae Latinae ad verbum de Graecis expressae, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; Plin. Ep. 4, 18, 1.—Of words, to pronounce , utter : nolo exprimi litteras putidius nolo obscurari neglegentius, with affected distinctness , Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41: verba, Quint. 1, 2, 6; 9, 4, 10; 40 al.—Rarely of a personal object: oratorem imitando effingere atque exprimere, Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 90: moderatorem rei publicae nostris libris diligenter expressimus, id. Att. 8, 11, 1.
VIII —Hence, expressus , a, um, P. a., clearly exhibited , prominent , distinct , visible , manifest , clear , plain , express (syn. solidus, opp. adumbratus).
A Lit.: species deorum, quae nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi, nihil eminentis, Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75; cf.: litterae lituraeque omnes assimulatae, expressae, id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189: corpora lacertis expressa, powerful , muscular , Quint. 8 praef. § 19: protinus omnibus membris, expressus infans, fully formed , id. 2, 4, 6.—
B Trop.
1 In gen.: habuit Catilina permulta maximarum non expressa signa, sed adumbrata virtutum, Cic. Cael. 5, 12; cf.: est gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata, id. Tusc. 3, 2, 3 (v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 62, p. 723 sq.): indicia solida et expressa, id. Planc. 12, 29; cf.: veri juris germanaeque justitiae solida et expressa effigies, id. Off. 3, 17, 69: expressa sceleris vestigia, id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62: expressiora et illustriora, id. Fam. 1, 7, 9; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 3; and: quid expressius atque signatius in hanc causam? Tert. Res. Carn. 3.—
2 Expressa carmina Battiadae, translated , Cat. 65, 16.—Of distinct pronunciation: vitia oris emendet, ut expressa sint verba, ut suis quaeque litterae sonis enuntientur, Quint. 1, 11, 4: expressior sermo, id. 1, 1, 37: expressior loquacitas generi picarum est, Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118. —In a bad sense, of a too emphatic, affected pronunciation: sonus erat dulcis: litterae neque expressae neque oppressae, ne aut obscurum esset aut putidum, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—Hence, adv.: expressē . *
1 Lit., with pressure , strongly : artus expressius fricare, Scrib. Comp. 198.—
2 Trop., expressly , distinctly , clearly : conscripta exempla, Auct. Her. 4, 7, 10: quod ipsum expressius Hesiodus hoc versu significavit, Col. 11, 1, 29.—Of pronunciation, distinctly : ut ea (R littera) a nullo expressius efferretur, Val. Max. 8, 7, 1 ext.