gigno, gĕnŭi, gĕnĭtum, 3 (archaic primary form of the pres. gĕno, ĕre: genit, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 19: genunt, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 898 P.: genat, Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 4: genitur, Auct. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 42, 122; Cic. de Or. 2, 32, 141: genuntur, Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 3: genamur, Censor. 3, 1; inf. pass. geni, Lucr. 3, 797; gen. gerund. genendi, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 1: genendo, Censor. 3, 1; Arn. 4, 21; inf. pres. pass. gignier, Lucr. 3, 623; 6, 246; 807), v. a. [root gen-; Sanscr. ǵan-, ǵanami, beget; gātis, birth; Gr. γεν- in γίγνομαι, γένος, γυνή; Lat. genus, genius, gener, gens; also nascor (gn-; cf. gnatus), natura; cf. γάμος, γαμβρός (v. Curt. Gr. Etym. 536); gigno for gigeno, redupl. like γίγνομαι], to beget, bear, bring forth, produce; in pass., to be born, to spring, arise, proceed; of animate and inanimate subjects and objects (syn.: creo, genero, pario).
I Lit.: Saturno, quem Coelus genuit, Enn. ap. Non. 197, 9 (Ann. v. 27 Vahl.): sextus (Hercules) hic ex Alcumena, quem Juppiter genuit, Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42: nec Hecubam causam interitus fuisse Trojanis, quod Alexandrum genuerit, nec Tyndareum Agamemnoni, quod Clytaemnestram, id. Fat. 15, 34: quaecumque animal pariunt, in capita gignunt, bring forth their young with the head foremost , Plin. 10, 64, 84, § 183. So of the human mother (mostly post-Aug.): idcirco, inquit Lacaena, genueram (filium), Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 102: e septem liberis, quos ipsa genuisset, unum superesse, Curt. 10, 5, 23: rectius Lolliam induci, quando nullos liberos genuisset, Tac. A. 12, 2 init. ; Val. Max. 7, 7, 4; so, ex aliquo, Curt. 8, 3, 3; Tac. A. 12, 3: pisces ova cum genuerunt, relinquunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 129: ova, Plin. 11, 37, 80, § 204: omnia quae terra gignat (shortly before, pariat), Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. Fin. 5, 11, 33: o Romule, Romule die, Qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt! Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 116 Vahl.); cf.: ut idem deus urbem hanc gentibus, vos huic urbi genuisse videatur, Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 32: ita ut plurimum (aurum) Asturia gignat, Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 78: India eos (beryllos) gignit, id. 37, 5, 20, § 76: ad majora quaedam natura nos genuit et conformavit, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23: deus animum ex sua mente et divinitate genuit, id. Univ. 8.— Pass. , usu. with abl., of either or both parents: Meri bellatores gignuntur, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 85: nuper erat genitus, Ov. M. 10, 522: qui antecedente anno genitum eum scribant, Suet. Tib. 5: septimo mense geniti, Plin. 11, 37, 59, § 158: pellice genitus, Liv. 40, 9, 2; Suet. Aug. 17: Jove genitus, Curt. 8, 10, 1; 9, 8, 22: juvenes eadem matre geniti, id. 6, 14, 4; Liv. 1, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 17; id. Tib. 7; id. Ner. 5 fin. : genitum fratre adoptaverat, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 2.—Also with de , ab , ex : De quo Remulusque feroxque Acrota sunt geniti, Ov. M. 14, 617: genitus de sanguine, id. ib. 1, 748; id. H. 16, 117: de Jove, Gell. 13, 1, 3 (cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 34): filium ab eo genitum nominare, Just. 12, 7, 10; but: a se (= ex se) genitum esse Vitellium, Tac. H. 3, 64: puer ex ea genitus, Curt. 8, 10, 36: (vacca) e terra genita, Ov. M. 1, 615: dis genite et geniture deos, Verg. A. 9, 642: dis genitus, Quint. 1, 10, 9: adolescentis in omnium virtutum exempla geniti, Vell. 2, 116, 2: quae in terris gignantur, ad usum hominum omnia creari, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 22: nec enim id esset principium, quod gigneretur aliunde, id. Rep. 6, 25: ubi tus gignitur, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 89: Corycium nemus, ubi crocum gignitur, Curt. 3, 4 fin. —Poet. with inf.: omne potens animal leti genitumque nocere, Luc. 6, 485.— Absol. : ut in gignendo, in educando perfacile appareat, Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 109: hae (mulieres), quae gignunt, imbecillos edunt, Cels. 2, 1 med.
II Trop., to produce , occasion , cause : multa nobis blandimenta natura ipsa genuit, Cic. Cael. 17, 41: haec ipsa virtus amicitiam et gignit et continet, id. Lael. 6, 20: ludus genuit trepidum certamen et iram, Ira truces inimicitias et funebre bellum, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48: qui genuit in hac urbe dicendi copiam, Cic. Brut. 73, 255: praeceptiones, Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5: probationes, Quint. 5, 1, 1: mel gignit insaniam, Plin. 21, 13, 45, § 177; cf.: baccharis odor somnum gignit, id. 21, 19, 77, § 132: alium sitim gignit, id. 20, 6, 23, § 57.—In pass. , to be born , to spring , arise , proceed : cum ipse (Cato) sui generis initium ac nominis ab se gigni et propagari vellet, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180: ex hac maxima libertate tyrannis gignitur et illa injustissima et durissima servitus, id. Rep. 1, 44: et aegritudines et metus et reliquae perturbationes omnes gignuntur ex ea (intemperantia), id. Tusc. 4, 9, 22: Plato eas (ἰδέας) gigni negat et ait semper esse, id. Or. 3, 10: ipsi autem intelligamus natura gigni sensum diligendi et benevolentiae caritatem, id. Lael. 9, 32: odia etiam gigni sempiterna (opp. exstingui familiaritates), id. ib. 10, 35: in animorum permotione gignenda, id. de Or. 3, 30, 118: de gignenda et comparanda sapientia, Gell. 13, 8, 1.
III —Hence, gignentĭa , ĭum, n. (fruit-bearing), organic bodies , things that grow , as plants, trees, etc.: loca nuda gignentium, Sall. J. 79, 6: ilex aucta in altitudinem, quo cuncta gignentium natura fert, id. ib. 93, 4: animam animantium omnium non corpoream esse ... omniumque gignentium esse seniorem, Ap. Dogm. Plat. p. 193; opp. animalia, Lact. de Ira Dei, 1, 13.