prŏ-hĭbĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2 (old forms, prohibessis, Cato R. R. 141, 2; Enn. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 323 Vahl.): prohibessit, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 11: prohibessint, Cic. Leg. 3, 3 fin.), v. a. [habeo], to hold in front, i. e.,
I To hold back , keep in check , to restrain , hinder , prevent , avert , keep or ward off , debar (class.; cf.: inhibeo, arceo).
A In gen.; usually constr. aliquem or aliquid , with abl.; alone or ab and abl.; with ut , ne , quominus , or an obj.-clause; also with simple acc.; less freq. with de , the dat., or gen.
1 With ab : quo illum ab illā prohibeas, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 103: prohibete a vobis vim meam, id. Capt. 4, 2, 24: praedones procul ab insulā Siciliā, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 144: hostem a pugnā, Caes. B. G. 4, 34: aliquem a familiaritate, congressione, patrio jure et potestate, Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 46: vim hostium ab oppidis, Caes. B. G. 1, 11: se suosque ab injuriā, to restrain themselves , refrain from , id. ib. 2, 28 fin. : ita prohibendo a delictis magis quam vindicando exercitum brevi confirmavit, Sall. J. 45, 3; 22, 4. —
2 With de : vim de classe, Lucil. ap. Non 528, 10.—
3 With abl.: cum suis finibus eos prohibent, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: itinere exercitum, to impede its march , id. ib. 1, 10: hostem rapinis, pabulationibus populationibusque, id. ib. 1, 15.—With abl. without an object: non prohibere aquā profluente, Cic. Off. 1, 16, 52.—
4 With dat.: aliquem alicui, to withhold from one , Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 7; cf.: aditum alicui, Auct. B. Afr. 31: captae prohibere nequiret Cum Poenos aquilae, could not prevent the Carthaginians from capturing the standard , Sil. 6, 27 (but the gen., Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26; Caes. B. C. 3, 44, depends on the acc. object of prohibere; v. 7 infra).—
5 With ut , ne , quominus; rarely with quin : dii prohibeant, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151: qui tu id prohibere me potes, ne suspicer, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 50 Brix ad loc.: quod potuisti prohibere, ne fieret, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 10, 33: ne lustrum perficeret, mors prohibuit P. Furi, Liv. 24, 43, 4: hiemem credo adhuc prohibuisse, quo minus, etc., Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 1: prohibere quominus sumerent, non poterant, Hirt. B. G. 8, 34: si prohibere, quominus in unum coirent, non posset, Liv. 25, 35, 6: nec, quin erumperet, ubi vellet, prohiberi poterat, id. 26, 40, 4.—
6 With obj.-clause : qui peregrinos urbibus uti prohibent, Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47: qui Bibulum exire domo prohibuissent, id. Fam. 1, 9, 7: jam se ad prohibenda circumdari opera Aequi parabant, Liv. 3, 28, 7: prohibuit migrari, Veios, id. 5, 49, 8: prohibete jus de pecuniis dici, id. 6, 18, 14; 6, 20, 6: audeat Canuleius proloqui, se delectum haberi prohibiturum, Liv. 4, 2, 12; 25, 4, 4; 25, 14, 7: qui Cimbros intra fines suos ingredi prohibuerint, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; Verg. A. 6, 606.—
7 With simple acc.: Mars pater, ut tu morbos visos invisosque, viduertatem vastitudinemque ... prohibessis, defendas averruncesque, an old formula of prayer in Cato R. R. 141: neque munitiones Caesaris prohibere poterat, Caes. B. G. 3, 44: motus conatusque alicujus prohibere, Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26: prohibenda maxime est ira in puniendo, id. Off. 1, 25, 89: quod uti prohibitum irem, quod in me esset, meo labori non parsi, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.: prohibere comitia dicitur vitiare diem morbo, Fest. p. 236 ib.; Cato ap. Fest. l. l.: quod di prohibeant, which may the gods forbid or avert , Ter. And. 568; and in the same sense: dii mala prohibeant, id. Hec. 207; cf.: di, prohibete minas; di, talem avertite casum, Verg. A. 3, 265; and: deos quaeso, ut istaec prohibeant, Ter. Ad. 275.—
B In partic., to forbid , prohibit a thing (syn.: interdico, veto): tu modo ne me prohibeas accipere, siquid det mihi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 89: nemo hic prohibet nec vetat, id. Curc. 1, 1, 33: lex recta imperans prohibensque contraria, Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 36: sed dii et homines prohibuere redemptos vivere Romanos, Liv. 5, 49, 1; Quint. 5, 10, 104; cf.: Athenis affectus movere per praeconem prohibebatur orator, the orator was forbidden , id. 6, 1, 7: prohibitis abstinere, Sen. Ep. 83, 18.—
II To keep away from a thing for the sake of safety (cf. defendo, II.), to keep , preserve , defend , protect (rare but class.); with ab : a quo periculo prohibete rem publicam, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19: adultam virginem ab armatorum impetu, id. Brut. 96, 330.—With abl.: haec damna multa mulierum Me uxore prohibent, keep me from a wife , Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 105: magnum civium numerum calamitate prohibere, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 18: tenuiores injuriā, id. Off. 2, 12, 31: ad prohibendam populationibus Campaniam, Liv. 22, 14, 2.—With double acc.: id te Juppiter Prohibessit, from that may Jupiter preserve you , Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 11.