red-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3 (old fut. reddibo = reddam, Plaut. Cas. 1, 41; id. Men. 5, 7, 49, acc. to Non. 476, 27; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 508, 9; pass. reddibitur, id. Ep. 1, 1, 22), v. a.
I Lit., to give back , return , restore (freq. and class.; syn. restituo): reddere est quod debeas ei cujus est volenti dare, Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 2: ut mihi pallam reddat, quam dudum dedi, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 109; 4, 3, 5; cf.: potes nunc mutuam drachmam dare mihi unam, quam cras reddam tibi? id. Ps. 1, 1, 84; so corresp. to dare, id. ib. 1, 1, 89; id. Stich. 4, 1, 42: quid si reddatur illi, unde empta est, id. Merc. 2, 3, 83; id. Men. 3, 3, 21 sq.; Ter. Ad. 981 sq. et saep.; cf. the foll.: ea, quae utenda acceperis, majore mensurā, si modo possis, jubet reddere Hesiodus, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48; so corresp. to accipere, id. Lael. 8, 26; 16, 58; id. Rep. 2, 5, 10; Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 13: accipe quod nunquam reddas mihi, Hor. S. 2, 3, 66; Verg. G. 4, 172; id. A. 8, 450 et saep.: si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto, I give it back and renounce it , Cic. Sull. 30, 84: Th. Redde argentum aut virginem. Ph. Quod argentum, quam tu virginem, me reposcis? Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 14: ut (virginem) suis Restituam ac reddam, Ter. Eun. 147; so with restituere, Liv. 3, 68 al.; cf.: reddere alias tegulas, i. e. restituere, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 29: obsides, Naev. ap. Non. 474, 19; so Caes. B. G. 1, 35; 1, 36; 6, 12: captivos, id. ib. 7, 90; Liv. 26, 50: ho mines, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7 al.: corpora (mor tuorum), Verg. A. 11, 103; cf. id. ib. 2, 543: equos, Cic. Rep. 4, 2, 2; Suet. Aug. 38: suum cuique, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136: hereditatem mulieri, id. Fin. 2, 18, 58: sive paribus paria redduntur, i. e. are set against , opposed to , id. Or. 49, 164: nosmet ipsos nobis reddidistis, id. Red. in Sen. 1, 1: redditus Cyri solio Phraates, Hor. C. 2, 2, 17: reddas incolumem, precor, id. ib. 1, 3, 7: ut te reddat natis carisque, id. S. 1, 1, 83: redditus terris Daedalus, Verg. A. 6, 18; cf.: patriis aris, id. ib. 11, 269: oculis nostris, id. ib. 2, 740: tenebris, id. ib. 6, 545: sed jam urbi votisque publicis redditus, Plin. Pan. 60, 1: ex magnā desperatione saluti redditus, Just. 12, 10, 1: quin tu primum salutem reddis, quam dedi, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 11: operam da, opera reddibitur tibi, id. Ep. 1, 1, 22; so id. Men. 4, 2, 101: cum duo genera liberalitatis sint, unum dandi beneficii, alterum reddendi, demus nec ne, in nostrā potestate est; non reddere viro bono non licet, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48; so Sen. Ben. 1, 1 sq.; and cf. Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 10: redde his libertatem, id. Poen. 5, 4, 17; so, Lyciis libertatem ademit, Rhodiis reddidit, Suet. Claud. 25: patriam, Liv. 5, 51 fin. : sibi ereptum honorem, Verg. A. 5, 342: conspectum, id. ib. 9, 262 al.: se ipse convivio reddidit, betook himself again to the banquet , returned , Liv. 23, 9 fin. : quae belua reddit se catenis, Hor. S. 2, 7, 71: se reddidit astris, Sil. 4, 119; so, lux terris, Verg. A. 8, 170: se iterum in arma, id. ib. 10, 684.—
β Poet., with inf.: sua monstra profundo Reddidit habere Jovi, Stat. Th. 1, 616.—
γ Absol. (rare and poet.), of a river: sic modo conbibitur, modo Redditur ingens Erasinus, is swallowed up ... reappears , Ov. M. 15, 275. —
II Transf.
1 To give up , hand over , deliver , impart , assign; to yield , render , give , grant , bestow , pay , surrender , relinquish , resign (syn.: trado, refero): Cincius eam mihi abs te epistulam reddidit, quam tu dederas, Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1; so, litteras (alicui), id. ib. 2, 1, 1; id. Fam. 2, 17, 1: litteras a te mihi reddidit stator tuus, id. ib. 2, 1, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 1; 2, 20; 3, 33; Sall. C. 34, 3; cf. mandata, Suet. Tib. 16: pretium alicui pro benefactis ejus, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 20: hoccine pretii, id. As. 1, 2, 2; cf.: praemia debita (along with persolvere grates), Verg. A. 2, 537: cetera praemia (with dare), id. ib. 9, 254: primos honores, id. ib. 5, 347: gratiam alicui (for the usual referre gratiam), Sall. J. 110, 4: reddunt ova columbae, Juv. 3, 202: obligatam Jovi dapem, Hor. C. 2, 7, 17: o fortunata mors, quae naturae debita, pro patriā est potissimum reddita, Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 31; cf.: vitam naturae reddendam, id. Rep. 1, 3, 5; so, vitam. Lucr. 6, 1198: debitum naturae morbo, i. e. to die by disease , Nep. Reg. 1 fin. : lucem, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 35: ultimum spiritum, Vell. 2, 14, 2; cf. id. 2, 22, 2; 2, 35 fin. ; 2, 87, 2: animam caelo, id. ib. 123 fin. ; cf. animas (with moriuntur), Verg. G. 3, 495: hanc animam, vacuas in auras, Ov. P. 2, 11, 7: caute vota reddunto, to pay , offer , render , Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; so, vota, Verg. E. 5, 75; Just. 11, 10, 10: tura Lari, Tib. 1, 3, 34: liba deae, Ov. F. 6, 476: fumantia exta, Verg. G. 2, 194; Tac. H. 4, 53; cf.: graves poenas, i. e. to suffer , Sall. J. 14, 21: promissa viro, Verg. A. 5, 386 al.: tibi ego rationem reddam? will render an account , Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 6; so, rationem, id. Trin. 2, 4, 114; Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 38; v. ratio: animam a pulmonibus respirare et reddere, to give off , exhale , id. N. D. 2, 54, 136; cf.: ut tibiae sonum reddunt, give forth , Quint. 11, 3, 20; so, sonum, id. 9, 4, 40; 66; Sen. Ep. 108; Hor. A. P. 348: vocem, Verg. A. 3, 40; 7, 95; 8, 217 (with mugiit); Hor. A. P. 158: stridorem, Ov. M. 11, 608: murmura, id. ib. 10, 702: flammam, Plin. 37, 2, 11, § 36 et saep.; so, alvum, Cels. 2, 12, 2: bilem, id. 7, 23: sanguinem, to vomit , Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6 (just before: sanguinem rejecit): urinam, Plin. 8, 42, 66, § 165: calculum, id. 28, 15, 61, § 217: catulum partu, Ov. M. 15, 379; cf. so of parturition, id. ib. 10, 513; id. H. 16, 46: fructum, quem reddunt praedia, yield , produce , Ter. Phorm. 680; Ov. P. 1, 5, 26; Col. 2, 16, 2; Pall. Febr. 9, 4; Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 87; cf. Tib. 2, 6, 22; Quint. 12, 10, 25: generi nostro haec reddita est benignitas, is imparted to , Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 27; cf.: nulla quies est Reddita corporibus primis, Lucr. 2, 96. — Hence, poet., redditum esse, in gen., = factum esse, esse: una superstitio, superis quae reddita divis, which is given , belongs to the gods , Verg. A. 12, 817: quibus et color et sapor una reddita sunt cum odore, Lucr. 2, 681; cf. id. 2, 228 Munro ad loc.; Juv. 1, 93; Orell. ad Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 216: neque iis petentibus jus redditur, is dispensed , granted , Caes. B. G. 6, 13: alicui jus, Quint. 11, 2, 50; cf.: alicui testimonium reddere industriae, id. 11, 1, 88: quod reliquum vitae virium, id ferro potissimum reddere volebant, to yield , sacrifice , Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89: quibus ille pro meritis ... jura legesque reddiderat, had conferred upon it the power of self-jurisdiction , Caes. B. G. 7, 76; cf Liv. 9, 43, 23 Drak.: Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita, id. 8, 14: conubia, to bestow , grant , id. 4, 5: peccatis veniam, Hor. S. 1, 3, 75: nomina facto vera, to call by the right name , Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 36.— Hence,
b Jurid. t. t.: judicium, to appoint , grant , fix the time for a trial , Ter. Phorm. 404; Caes. B. C. 2, 18; Quint. 7, 4, 43; Tac. A. 1, 72: jus, to administer justice , pronounce sentence , id. ib. 6, 11; 13, 51; id. H. 3, 68; id. G. 12; Suet. Vit. 9 et saep.—
2 To give up , yield , abandon to one that which has not been taken away, but only threatened or in danger: Thermitanis urbem, agros legesque suas reddere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 90 ( = relinquere, id. ib. 2, 2, 36, § 88): Orestis leges suae redditae, left undisturbed, Liv. 33, 34, 6; 9, 43, 23 (cf. restituere); 29, 21, 7.—
3 To give back , pay back; hence, to take revenge for , punish , inflict vengeance for : per eum stare quominus accepta ad Cannas redderetur hosti clades, Liv. 24, 17, 7: reddidit hosti cladem, id. 24, 20, 2: redditaque aequa Cannensi clades, id. 27, 49, 5.—
4 To give back in speech or writing, i. e.
a To translate , render (syn.: converto, transfero): cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155: verbum pro verbo, id. Opt. Gen. 5: verbo verbum, Hor. A. P. 133; cf. Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 54.—
b To repeat , declare , report , narrate , recite , rehearse (freq. in Quint.): ut quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis iisdem redderet, quibus cogitasset, Cic. Brut. 88, 301; cf. Quint. 10, 6, 3: sive paria (verba) paribus redduntur, sive opponuntur contraria, Cic. Or. 49, 164: reddere quae restant, id. Brut. 74, 258: tertium actum de pastionibus, Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 1: nomina per ordinem audita, Quint. 11, 2, 23: causas corruptae eloquentiae, id. 8, 6, 76: quid cuique vendidissent, id. 11, 2, 24: dictata, to repeat , rehearse , Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14; id. S. 2, 8, 80: carmen, to recite , deliver , id. C. 4, 6, 43: cum talia reddidit hospes, Ov. M. 6, 330; Lucr. 2, 179: causam, id. F. 1, 278: insigne exemplum suo loco, Tac. H. 4, 67.—
c To answer , reply (poet.): veras audire et reddere voces, Verg. A. 1, 409; 6, 689: Aeneas contra cui talia reddit, id. ib. 10, 530; 2, 323: auditis ille haec placido sic reddidit ore, id. ib. 11, 251 et saep.; cf. responsa, id. G. 3, 491: responsum, Liv. 38, 9; 3, 60; Verg. A. 6, 672.—
5 To give back or render a thing according to its nature or qualities; to represent , imitate , express , resemble (poet. and in post - Aug. prose): quas hominum reddunt facies, Lucr. 6, 812: faciem locorum, Ov. M. 6, 122; 7, 752: lux aemula vultum Reddidit, gave back , reflected , Stat. Ach. 2, 191: formam alicujus, Sil. 3, 634: et qui te nomine reddet Silvius Aeneas, Verg. A. 6, 768; cf.: jam Phoebe toto fratrem cum redderet orbe, Luc. 1, 538: paternam elegantiam in loquendo, Quint. 1, 1, 6; 6, 3, 107; cf.: odorem croci saporemque, i. e. to smell and taste like saffron , Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177: imaginem quandam uvae, id. 34, 12, 32, § 123: flammam excellentis purpurae et odorem maris, id. 35, 6, 27, § 46: Apelleā redditus arte Mentor, Mart. 11, 10, 2.—
6 To give back , return a thing changed in some respect: senem illum Tibi dedo ulteriorem lepide ut lenitum reddas, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 31; cf.: quas tu sapienter mihi reddidisti opiparas opera tua, id. Poen. 1, 1, 4.— Hence, in gen.,
7 To make or cause a thing to be or appear something or somehow; to render (very freq. and class.; cf.: facio, redigo): reddam ego te ex ferā fame mansuetem, Plaut. As. 1, 2, 19; id. Capt. 4, 2, 42: eam (servitutem) lenem reddere, id. ib. 2, 5, 1: tutiorem et opulentiorem vitam reddere, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: haec itinera infesta reddiderat, Caes. B. C. 3, 79: aliquem insignem, Verg. A. 5, 705: obscuraque moto Reddita forma lacu est, dimmed by the disturbance of the water , Ov. M. 3, 476: homines ex feris et immanibus mites reddidit et mansuetos, Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2: omnes Catilinas Acidinos postea reddidit, has made all the Catilines seem to be Acidini , i. e. patriots , in comparison with himself , id. Att. 4, 3, 3: aliquid perfectum, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 109: aliquid effectum, to accomplish , id. Ps. 1, 3, 152; 1, 5, 116; 5, 2, 14: omne transactum, id. Capt. 2, 2, 95: actum, id. Trin. 3, 3, 90: dictum ac factum, Ter. Heaut. 760.— With ut and subj.: hic reddes omnia Quae sunt certa ei consilia incerta ut sient, Ter. And. 389.— Pass. = fieri scripsit fasciculum illum epistularum totum sibi aquā madidum redditum esse, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 4; Just. 16, 4, 6; 22, 7, 2: per sudorem corpus tantum imbecillius redditur, Cels. 3, 3, 19; cf. Just. 29, 4, 3; 42, 5, 4; 44, 1, 10; Flor. 3, 5, 17; Val. Max. 4, 3 prooem.; Lact. 4, 26, 33.