sordes

A New Latin Dictionary by Charlton T. Lewis Ph.D. and Charles Short, LL. D.

sordes, is (abl. sordi, Lucr. 6, 1271; usu. sorde), f. [sordeo], dirt, filth, uncleanness, squalor (class.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense, and in plur.; syn.: situs, squalor, caenum, illuvies).

I Lit.

α Plur. : pleni sordium, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 104 sq.: in sordibus aurium inhaerescere, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144: sint sine sordibus ungues, Ov. A. A. 1, 519: caret obsoleti Sordibus tecti, Hor. C. 2, 10, 7; Plin. 36, 26, 65, § 191.—

β Sing. : etiam in medio oculo paulum sordi'st, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 102: auriculae collectā sorde dolentes, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 53: (pellis) Ulceribus tetris prope jam sordique sepultā, Lucr. 6, 1271.—

B Transf., plur., a mourning garment (because usu. soiled or dirty); and hence, mourning in gen. (syn. squalor): jacere in lacrimis et sordibus, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2; cf.: in sordibus, lamentis, luctuque jacuisti, id. Pis. 36, 89: mater squalore hujus et sordibus laetatur, id. Clu. 6, 18; 67, 192; id. Mur. 40, 86: sordes lugubres vobis erant jucundae, id. Dom. 23, 59; Liv. 6, 16 fin. ; Quint. 6, 1, 33; Suet. Vit. 8: suscipere sordes, Tac. A. 4, 52; id. Or. 12; Val. Max. 7, 8, 7.—

II Trop., lowness or meanness of rank , a low condition; meanness , baseness of behavior or disposition (syn. illiberalitas).

A In gen.: sordes fortunae et vitae, Cic. Brut. 62, 224: obscuritas et sordes tuae, id. Vatin. 5, 11; id. Sest. 28, 60: ut quisque sordidissimus videbitur, ita libentissime severitate judicandi sordes suas eluet, id. Phil. 1, 8, 20: nulla nota, nullus color, nullae sordes videbantur his sententiis allini posse, id. Verr. 1, 6, 17: in infamiā relinqui ac sordibus, id. Att. 1, 16, 2; Liv. 4, 56: sordes illae verborum, low , vulgar expressions , Tac. Or. 21: propter maternas sordes, low origin , Just. 13, 2, 11: pristinarum sordium oblitus, id. 25, 1, 9; cf. id. 18, 7, 11.—

2 Concr., the dregs of the people , the mob , rabble (syn. faex): apud sordem urbis et faecem, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 11; so (with caenum) Plin. Ep. 7, 29, 3: sordes et obscuritatem Vitellianarum partium, Tac. H. 1, 84.—Hence, as a term of abuse: o lutum, o sordes! low-minded creature , Cic. Pis. 26, 62.—

B In partic., meanness , stinginess , niggardliness , sordidness (cf.: parcimonia, avaritia).

α Plur. : (populus Romanus) non amat profusas epulas, sordes et inhumanitatem multo minus, Cic. Mur. 36, 76; so (opp. luxuria) Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 7: damnatus sordium, id. ib. 2, 12, 4: incusare alicujus sordes, Quint. 6, 3, 74: sordes obicere alicui, Hor. S. 1, 6, 68 and 107: sepulcrum sine sordibus exstrue, id. ib. 2, 5, 105: cogit minimas ediscere sordes, the meanest tricks , Juv. 14, 124; 1, 140.—

β Sing. : nullum hujus in privatis rebus factum avarum, nullam in re familiari sordem posse proferri, Cic. Fl. 3, 7; so (with avaritia) Tac. H. 1, 52; 1, 60: extremae avaritiae et sordis infimae infamis, Ap. Met. 1, 21, 15.

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