sumo

A New Latin Dictionary by Charlton T. Lewis Ph.D. and Charles Short, LL. D.

sūmo, sumpsi, sumptum, 3 (sync. form of the inf. perf. sumpse, Naev. ap. Gell. 2, 19, 6 (Com. Rel. v. 97 Rib.; suremit for sumpsit, surempsit for sumpserit, Paul. Diac. 299, 2; Fest. 298, 9), v. a. [contr. for subimo, from sub-emo], to take, take up, lay hold of, assume (syn. capio).

I In gen.: auferere, non abibis, si ego fustem sumpsero, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 202: laciniam, id. Merc. 1, 2, 16: si hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus, id. Bacch. 4, 4, 24: si mutuas non potero, certum'st sumam foenore, id. As. 1, 3, 95: postremo a me argentum quanti est sumito, Ter. Ad. 977: locum ( = capere), Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 9: legem in manus, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15: unum quodque vas in manus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63: Epicurum et Metrodorum non fere praeter suos quisquam in manus sumit, id. Tusc. 2, 3, 8: orationes in manus, Quint. 10, 1, 22: litteras ad te a M. Lepido consule quasi commendaticias sumpsimus, have taken , provided ourselves with , Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3: spatium ad vehicula comportanda, Liv. 2, 4: spatium ad colloquendum, id. 8, 18: ferrum ad aliquem interficiendum, id. 40, 11, 10: Tusculi ante quam Romae sumpta sunt arma, id. 3, 19, 8: pro conjuge ferrum, Ov. H. 15 (16), 371: arma, Quint. 5, 10, 71: sume venenum, id. 8, 5, 23; Nep. Them. 10, 3; id. Hann. 12, 5: partem Falerni, Hor. C. 1, 27, 9: cyathos, id. ib. 3, 8, 13: panem perfusam aquā frigidā, Suet. Aug. 77: potiunculam, id. Dom. 21: antidotum, id. Calig. 23: pomum de lance, Ov. P. 3, 5, 20: cibum, Nep. Att. 21; Petr. 111: soporem, Nep. Dion, 2, 5: sumptā virili togā, put on , Cic. Lael. 1, 1: virilem togam, Suet. Aug. 8; 94 med. ; id. Tib. 7; id. Galb. 4; Val. Max. 5, 4, 4: calceos et vestimenta, Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18: regium ornatum, Nep. Eum. 13, 3: latum clavum (opp. deponere bracas), Poët. ap. Suet. Caes. 80: diadema, Suet. Calig. 22: annulos ferreos (opp. deponere), id. Aug. 100: gausapa, Ov. A. A. 2, 300: alas pedibus virgamque manu tegumenque capillis, id. M. 1, 672: perventum est eo, quo sumpta navis est, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: pecuniam mutuam, id. Fl. 20, 46; Sall. C. 24, 2: aurum mutuum, Suet. Caes. 51.—Of time: diem ad deliberandum, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: tempus cibi quietisque, Liv. 32, 11.—

B Trop.

1 In gen.: calorem animo, Lucr. 3, 288: obsequium animo, i. e. animo obsequi, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 8: Ariovistus tantos sibi spiritus, tantam arrogantiam sumpserat, ut, etc., assumed , Caes. B. G. 1, 33; cf.: sumpsi animum, I took courage , Ov. F. 1, 147: animos serpentis, id. M. 3, 545: vigorem, id. P. 3, 4, 31: cum spiritus plebs sumpsisset, Liv. 4, 54, 8: certamine animi adversus eum sumpto, id. 37, 10, 2: exempla, Cic. Lael. 11, 38: sumptis inimicitiis, susceptā causā, etc., taken upon one’s self , assumed , id. Vatin. 11, 28: omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrime desinere, to be undertaken , entered upon , begun , Sall. J. 83, 1; so, bellum cum aliquo, Liv. 1, 42, 2; 36, 2, 3. —

2 Esp.: supplicium sumere, to exact satisfaction , inflict punishment , rarely absol. : supplici sibi sumat, quod volt ipse, ob hanc injuriam, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 31: satis sumpsimus jam supplici, id. Pers. 5, 2, 72: graviore sententiā pronuntiatā more majorum supplicium sumpsit, Caes. B. G. 6, 44.—Usu. de aliquo : potuisse hunc de illā supplicium sumere, Cic. Inv. 2, 27, 82: tum homo nefarius de homine nobili virgis supplicium crudelissime sumeret, id. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91: supplicium de matre sumpsisse, Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 66; Liv. 39, 29; cf. supplicium.—Rarely ex aliquo , Liv. 23, 3, 1.— Post-class. also ab aliquo , Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1; 5, 1, ext. 2.—Rarely poenam sumere ( = capere): pro maleficio poenam sumi oportere, Cic. Inv. 2, 36, 108: merentis poenas, Verg. A. 2, 586: poenam scelerato ex sanguine, id. ib. 12, 949; cf. id. ib. 6, 501.—

II In partic.

A To take (by choice), to choose , select : philosophiae studium, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 8: hoc sumo ( = suscipio), hoc mihi deposco, id. Verr. 1, 12, 36: nos Capuam sumpsimus, id. Fam. 16, 11, 3: sumat aliquem ex populo monitorem officii sui, Sall. J. 85, 10: enitimini, ne ego meliores liberos sumpsisse videar quam genuisse, i. e. to have adopted , id. ib. 10, 8: sumite materiam vestris, qui scribitis, aequam Viribus, Hor. A. P. 38: quis te mala sumere cogit? Aut quis deceptum ponere sumpta velit? Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 69 sq.: disceptatorem, Liv. 1, 50: quod tres patricios magistratus nobilitas sibi sumpsisset, id. 7, 1: Miltiadem sibi imperatorem, Nep. Milt. 1, 3.—Poet., with inf.: quem virum aut heroa lyrā vel acri Tibiā sumis celebrare, Clio? Hor. C. 1, 12, 2: quis sibi res gestas Augusti scribere sumit? id. Ep. 1, 3, 7.—

B To take as one's own, to assume , claim , arrogate , appropriate to one's self (syn.: ascisco, assumo, arrogo): quamquam mihi non sumo tantum neque arrogo, ut, etc., Cic. Planc. 1, 3: sed mihi non sumo, ut meum consilium valere debuerit, id. Att. 8, 11 D, § 6: sumpsi hoc mihi pro tuā in me observantiā, ut, etc., id. Fam. 13, 50, 1: tantum tibi sumito pro Capitone apud Caesarem, quantum, etc., id. ib. 13, 29, 6: sibi imperatorias partes, Caes. B. C. 3, 51: nec sumit aut ponit secures Arbitrio popularis aurae, Hor. C. 3, 2, 19: vultus modo sumit acerbos, Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 17: mores antiquos, Liv. 3, 68: proelio sumpta Thessalia est, conquered , Flor. 4, 2, 43.—

C To take , get , acquire , receive : distat sumasne pudenter an rapias, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44: laudemque a crimine sumit, Ov. M. 6, 474: sumpto rigore, id. ib. 10, 139: vel tua me Sestus vel te mea sumit Abydos, id. H. 17 (18), 127. —

D To take for some purpose, i. e. to use , apply , employ , spend , consume (syn. insumo): in malā uxore atque inimico si quid sumas, sumptus est: In bono hospite atque amico quaestus est, quod sumitur, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 79 sq.: minus hercle in hisce rebus sumptum est sex minis, id. Trin. 2, 4, 9 and 12: frustra operam, opinor, sumo, Ter. Heaut. 693: frustra laborem, Caes. B. G. 3, 14: cui rei opus est, ei hilarem hunc sumamus diem, Ter. Ad. 854: videtis hos quasi sumptos dies ad labefactandam illius dignitatem, Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 44: sumpseris tibi familiaritatem nostram ad ornamentum, Plin. Ep. 6, 18, 2. —Poet.: curis sumptus, consumed , worn out , Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. Fr. Inc. 8 Rib.).—

E To undertake , begin , enter upon : bellum, Liv. 1, 42; Flor. 4, 12, 24: bellis ponendis sumendisque, Liv. 8, 4: haec maxime belli ratio sumendi fuerat, id. 38, 19: duellum cum aliquo, id. 36, 2: proelia, Suet. Caes. 60; Tac. H. 2, 45: in hos expeditionem, Flor. 4, 12, 6: non mandata expeditio, sed sumpta est, id. 4, 12, 48.—Poet.: prima fide vocisque ratae temptamina sumpsit Liriope, Ov. M. 3, 341.—

F In an oration, disputation, etc.

1 To take for certain or for granted , to assume , maintain , suppose , affirm : alterutrum fatearis enim sumasque necesse'st, Lucr. 1, 974: nec solum ea sumitis ad concludendum, quae ab omnibus concedantur, sed ea sumitis, quibus concessis, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104: aliquid pro certo, id. ib.—With inf.-clause : beatos esse deos sumpsisti, Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 89: pro non dubio legati sumebant, quae Antiochi fuerunt, Eumenem aequius esse quam me habere, Liv. 39, 28, 5.—

2 To make , take a beginning, etc. (late Lat.): ab uno signo sumamus exordium, Macr. Somn. Scip. 18: ab illā quaestione principium sumere, Lact. 1, 2: quin fictio a capite sumat exordium, id. Opif. Dei, 12, 7.—

3 To take , bring forward , cite , mention as a proof, an instance, etc. (cf. profero): homines notos sumere odiosum est, Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 47: unum hoc sumo, id. ib. 34, 97: sumam annum tertium, id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104: ex istis tuis sumam aliquem, id. Cael. 15, 36: quid quisquam potest ex omni memoriā sumere illustrius? id. Sest. 12, 27: ab oratore aut poëtā probato sumptum ponere exemplum, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 1.—

G To take as a purchase, to buy , purchase : quanti ego genus omnino signorum non aestimo, tanti ista quattuor aut quinque sumpsisti, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 2: decumas agri Leontini, id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: quae parvo sumi nequeunt, obsonia captas, Hor. S. 2, 7, 106.—

H Aliquam, to use , enjoy , etc., in mal. part., Mart. 10, 81, 2: mille licet sumant, Ov. A. A. 3, 90; Auct. Priap. 5; cf. gaudia, Nemes. Ecl. 4, 59: aliquid, Petr. 100.—

K To take , fascinate , charm : simul conspexerit juvenem, venustate ejus sumitur, Ap. Met. 2, 5, 15.

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