trĕpĭdus, a, um, adj. [root in Gr. τρέπω, to turn, put to flight; cf. Lat. torqueo (cf. Fest. p. 367 Müll.); prop. scared; hence],
I restless , agitated , anxious , solicitous , disturbed , alarmed , in a state of trepidation , etc. (not. freq. in prose till the Aug. per.; perh. not at all in Cic. and Caes.): tum trepidae inter se coëunt pennisque coruscant (apes), in a hurry , Verg. G. 4, 73; so, Dido, id. A. 4, 642 Serv.: hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit, id. ib. 7, 638; 9, 233: trepidi improviso metu, Sall. J. 97, 5; cf.: curia maesta ac trepida ancipiti metu, Liv. 2, 24, 3: Romae nocturnus terror ita ex somno trepidam repente civitatem excivit, id. 8, 37, 6: trepidi formidine portas Explorant, Verg. A. 9, 169; Just. 2, 13, 9. — ( β ) With gen.: illae (apes) intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra Discurrunt, Verg. A. 12, 589: Messenii trepidi rerum suarum, Liv. 36, 31, 5; so, rerum suarum, id. 5, 11, 4: salutis, Sil. 12, 13: admirationis ac metus, Tac. A. 6, 21 fin. : tubarum, Stat. Th. 11, 325. —
b Of things: illud (ferrum) in trepidā submersum sibilat unda, Ov. M. 12, 279 (Merkel, tepidā); cf.: et foliis undam trepidi despumat aheni, i. e. bubbling , foaming , Verg. G. 1, 296: venae, Ov. M. 6, 389: pes, id. ib. 4, 100: ōs, id. ib. 5, 231: vultus, id. ib. 4, 485: cursus, Verg. A. 4, 672: terror, Lucr. 5, 41: metus, Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 54; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 15: tumultus belli, Lucr. 3, 846: certamen, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48: motus, Ov. M. 8, 606: fletus, id. ib. 4, 673: in re trepidā, in a critical situation , perilous juncture , Liv. 1, 27, 7; 4, 46, 8; 26, 5, 7; cf. in plur.: in trepidis rebus, id. 4, 17, 8; 4, 56, 8; Tib. 2, 3, 21; Hor. C. 3, 2, 5; Sil. 7, 1; cf. Sall. J. 91, 5: incerta et trepida vita, Tac. A. 14, 59; so, vita, id. ib. 4, 70 fin. : litterae, i. e. announcing danger , bringing alarming news , Curt. 7, 1, 36; so, nuntius, Just. 31, 2, 8.—Adv.: trĕpĭdē , hastily , in a state of confusion or alarm , with trepidation : trepide concursans, Phaedr. 2, 5, 2: classis trepide soluta, Liv. 22, 31, 5; so, relictis castris, id. 7, 11, 1: deserta stativa, id. 10, 12, 6: trepide anxieque certare, Suet. Ner. 23.