antīquus, a, um, adj. [a diff. orthog. for anticus, from ante] (of that which is before in time, while anticus denotes that which is before in space; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2223 P.), that has been or has been done before, old, ancient, former (opp. novus, that has not previously existed, new; while vetus, that has existed a long time, is opp. recens, that has not been long in existence, recent; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 21; Lind. ad Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154, and id. Capt. 1, 2, 29; Doed. Syn. IV. p. 82 sq.).
I Lit.: Juppiter Alcumenam rediget in antiquam concordiam conjugis, to her former harmony with her husband , Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 13: hoc timet, Ne tua duritia antiqua illa etiam adaucta sit, thy former severity , Ter. Heaut. 435; so id. Hec. 92; Lucr. 2, 900: causam suscepisti antiquiorem memoriā tuā, Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 25: tres epistulas tuas accepi: igitur antiquissimae cuique respondeo, id. Att. 9, 9: antiquior dies in tuis erat adscripta litteris, quam in Caesaris, an earlier or older date , id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 3, 58: Nilus antiquo sua flumina reddidit alveo, Ov. M. 1, 423 et saep.— Hence, subst.
A antīqui , ōrum, m., the ancients , esp. the ancient writers (i. e. those whose age has been long past; while veteres denotes those who have lived and acted for a long time): antiquorum auctoritas, Cic. Am. 4, 13; so Hor. S. 1, 4, 117; 2, 2, 89 et saep.: quod decus antiqui summum bonum esse dixerunt, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55: habemus Scaurum in antiquis, id. Brut. 30, 116; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 78 et saep.—And so in gen.: in antiquis est sapientia, Vulg. Job, 12, 12: sapientia omnium antiquorum, ib. Eccli. 39, 1: dictum est antiquis, ib. Matt. 5, 21 al.: facere in antiquum, to restore a thing to its former condition , to place on its old footing , Liv. 33, 40 dub.—Antiquus and vetus are often conjoined: veterem atque antiquam rem ( old and antiquated ) novam ad vos proferam, Plaut. Am. prol. 118; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Most. 2, 2, 45; id. Poen. 5, 2, 18; id. Pers. 1, 2, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 106; Plin. Ep. 3, 6: vetera tantum et antiqua mirari, Tac. Or. 15: simultas vetus et antiqua, Juv. 15, 53; so id. 6, 21 al.—
B an-tīquum , i, n., antiquity , the things of olden times : Nec quicquam antiqui Pico, nisi nomina, restat, Ov. M. 14, 396: novissima et antiqua, Vulg. Psa. 138, 5: antiqua ne intueamini, ib. Isa. 43, 18.—
II Transf.
A Poet., = praeteritus, past , gone by , former : vulnus, Ov. P. 1, 5, 38: vigor, id. Tr. 5, 12, 32: carcer, Luc. 6, 721; Val. Fl. 2, 394.—So often in eccl. Lat.: dies antiqui, Vulg. Deut. 4, 32; ib. Act. 15, 7: anni, ib. Mal. 3, 4: tempora, ib. Act. 15, 21.—
B In comp. and sup. , that is before or first in rank or importance , more or most celebrated , famous , preferable , or better (antiquior: melior, Non. p. 425, 32): genere antiquior, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 3: quanto antiquius quam etc., Lucil. ib.; Varr. ib.: quod honestius, id mihi est antiquius, Cic. Att. 7, 3: antiquior ei fuit laus et gloria quam regnum, id. Div. 2, 37: antiquiorem mortem turpitudine habere, Auct. Her. 3, 3: neque habui quicquam antiquius quam ut, etc., Cic. Fam. 11, 5: ne quid existimem antiquius, id. Phil. 13, 3: neque prius neque antiquius quicquam habuit, quam ut, etc., Vel. 2, 52; Suet. Claud. 11: judiciorum causam antiquissimam se habiturum dixit, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1: navalis apparatus ei antiquissima cura fuit, id. Att. 10, 8; 12, 5; Liv. 1, 32; cf. id. 9, 31 al.—
C With the access. idea of simplicity, purity, innocence, of the old fashion , good , simple , honest , etc. (cf. antiquitas, II. A., and our phrase the good old times ): antiquis est adulescens moribus, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 37; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 20: homo antiquā virtute et fide, Ter. Ad. 442: homines antiqui, qui ex suā naturā ceteros fingerent, people of the old stamp , Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 26: vestigia antiqui officii, id. ib. 10, 27: vide quam sim antiquorum hominum, id. Att. 9, 15: vir sanctus, antiquus, Plin. Ep. 2, 9.—
D With the access. idea of veneration, honor, old , venerable , illustrious : antiquum veteres etiam pro nobili posuere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Müll.: terra antiqua potens armis, Verg. A. 1, 531; 3, 164: urbs, id. ib. 11, 540: Longior antiquis visa Maeotis hiems, Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 2: Sabinae, id. Med. 11: Amyclae, id. M. 8, 314. —So, in eccl. Lat., after the Heb., of God: Antiquus Dierum, the Ancient of Days , Vulg. Dan. 7, 9; 7, 13; 7, 22.—
E Sometimes = vetus, that has been in existence a long time , old : Athenae, antiquum opulentum oppidum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 470, 5: mos, id. ib. p. 506, 1: amnis, Att. ap. Non. p. 192, 6: hospes, Ter. Phorm. 67 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 82: veterem Anchisen agnoscit amicum); so, amicus, Vulg. Eccli. 9, 14: discipulus, ib. Act. 21, 16: artificium, Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5: genus, Nep. Dat. 2, 2: templa, Hor. S. 2, 2, 104: antiquissima scripta, id. Ep. 2, 1, 28: saxum antiquum (i. e. which for a long time had lain in this place ), ingens, etc., Verg. A. 12, 897: ne transfer terminos antiquos, Vulg. Prov. 22, 28 et saep.—Hence, subst.: antīquum , i, n., an old custom or habit.
a In mal. part.: antiquum hoc obtines tuum, tardus ut sis, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 102. —
b In bon. part.: O optume hospes, pol Crito antiquum obtines! Ter. And. 817: Ac tu ecastor morem antiquum atque ingenium obtines, id. Hec. 860.—
F Aged : antiqua erilis fida custos corporis, Enn. Medea, ap. Non. p. 39, 2 (as a transl. of the Gr. παλαιὸν οἴκων κτῆμα δεσποίνης ἐμῆς): Cives antiqui, amici majorum meūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155: Butes, Verg. A. 9, 647: antiqui Neleïa Nestoris arva, Ov. H. 1, 63; Dig. 50, 3, 1.—Hence, adv.: antīquē and an-tīquĭtŭs (formed from antiquus, as humanitus, divinitus, from humanus, divinus; cf. Prisc. p. 1015).
I In former times , of old , anciently (only in prose; most freq. in the histt.; never in Cic.). Form antīquĭ-tŭs : Belgas Rhenum antiquitus transductos, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 7, 32: tectum antiquitus constitutum, Nep. Att. 13, 2; Suet. Caes. 42; id. Aug. 60; 94; Vulg. Jos. 11, 10; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8.— Sup. : Titanas in eā antiquissime regnāsse, Sol. 11.—
II From ancient times; form antīquĭtŭs ; sometimes with inde or ab ... ad , Plin. Pan. 31: cum Pythagoras acceptam sine dubio antiquitus opinionem vulgaverit, Quint. 1, 10, 12: jam inde antiquitus insita pertinacia, Liv. 9, 29: hi sunt jam inde antiquitus castellani, etc., id. 34, 27; Plin. Pan. 82, 7: cum (hoc studium) antiquitus usque a Chirone ad nostra tempora apud omnes duraverit, Quint. 1, 10, 30.—
III In the old way , style , or fashion; form antīquē : nimis antique dicere, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66.— Comp. : simplicius et antiquius permutatione mercium uti, in the simpler and more ancient manner , Tac. G. 5.—Esp., in the good old style , the way or fashion of former times : quanto antiquius, quam facere hoc, fecisse videatis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 426, 3.