ex-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall out or down, to fall from (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).
I Lit.
A In gen.: quod (animal) cum ex utero elapsum excidit, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur, id. Att. 9, 10, 3: gladii de manibus exciderunt, id. Pis. 9 fin. ; cf. id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; id. Cat. 1, 6 fin. ; for which also: inter manus (urna), Prop. 4 (5), 4, 22; and: a digitis (ansa), Ov. H. 16, 252: Palinurus exciderat puppi, Verg. A. 6, 339; cf. arce, Ov. F. 5, 34: equis, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1164: num qui nummi exciderunt, here, tibi, quod sic terram Obtuere? Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 17; cf. id. Cist. 4, 2, 8; id. Merc. 3, 1, 44; id. Poen. 1, 2, 48: volvae excidunt, Plin. 36, 21, 39, § 151.—Poet.: ita vinclis Excidet aut in aquas tenues dilapsus abibit, will slip out of the fetters , Verg. G. 4, 410: in flumen (elephanti, sc. e rate), Liv. 21, 28 fin. : cum Herculis pertractanti arma sagitta excidisset in pedem, Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 66: ante pedes (lingua resecta), Ov. Ib. 536.—
B In partic., of a lot, to fall of come out (very rare): ut cujusque sors exciderat, Liv. 21, 42, 3; and hence, transf.: nominibus in urnam conjectis, citari quod primum sorte nomen excidit, id. 23, 3, 7.
II Trop.
A In gen., to fall out involuntarily , fall from , slip out , escape : verbum ex ore alicujus, Cic. Sull. 26; cf.: vox excidit ore: Venisti tandem, etc., Verg. A. 6, 686: tantumque nefas patrio excidit ore? id. ib. 2, 658; cf.: scelus ore tuo, Ov. M. 7, 172: quod verbum tibi non excidit, ut saepe fit, fortuito, Cic. Phil. 10, 2 fin. ; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 23; 7, 2, 52; 9, 4, 41 al.: libellus me imprudente et invito excidit, escaped me without my knowledge or desire , Cic. de Or. 1, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 5: vox horrenda per auras excidit, Verg. A. 9, 113: et pariter vultusque deo plectrumque colorque Excidit, Ov. M. 2, 602; cf. id. ib. 4, 176: ut quodammodo victoria e manibus excideret, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2: (versus) qui in breves excidunt, i. e. which close , terminate , Quint. 9, 4, 106.—Poet.: in vitium libertas excidit, qs. falls away , sinks , = delabitur, Hor. A. P. 282.—
B In partic. *
1 To dissent , differ from any one's opinion: ego ab Archilocho excido, Lucil. ap. Non. 301, 18.—
2 To pass away , be lost , perish , disappear : neque enim verendum est, ne quid excidat aut ne quid in terram defluat, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: primo miser excidit aevo, Prop. 3, 7, 7 (4, 6, 7 M.): nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, etc., Hor. C. 3, 5, 30: at non ingenio quaesitum nomen ab aevo Excidet, Prop. 3, 2, 24 (4, 1, 64 M.): excidit omnis luctus, Ov. M. 8, 448: ne Tarentinae quidem arcis excidit memoria, Liv. 27, 3 fin. ; cf. the foll.—Esp.
b To fail , faint , swoon , lose one's self : excidit illa metu, rupitque novissima verba, Ov. A. A. 1, 5, 39; cf.: ut scias quemadmodum nunquam excidam mihi, lose control of myself (through drink), Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 1: quis me dolori reddit? quam bene excideram mihi! Sen. Hippol. 589 sq.—
c To slip out , escape from the memory : excidere de memoria, Liv. 29, 19 fin. : exciderat pacis mentio ex omnium animis, id. 34, 37; cf. animo, Verg. A. 1, 26; Ov. H. 20, 188; and pectore, id. Pont. 2, 4, 24: o miram memoriam, Pomponi, tuam! at mihi ista exciderant, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 46; so with dat.: quae cogitatio, cum mihi non omnino excidisset, etc., id. Fam. 5, 13, 2; id. Att. 6, 1, 7; Quint. 4, 5, 4; 10, 1, 75; Prop. 3 (4), 24, 20; 4 (5), 7, 15 et saep.; cf. with a subject-clause : non excidit mihi, scripsisse me, etc., Quint. 2, 3, 10.— Absol. : quid? non haec varietas mira est, excidere proxima, vetera inhaerere? hesternorum immemores acta pueritiae recordari, id. 11, 2, 6; 1, 12, 6; 4, 2, 91; 4, 5, 2; cf. with inf. clause : si calore dicendi vitare id excidisset, id. 11, 3, 130; and with ut : excidit, ut peterem, etc., i. e. I forgot to beg , Ov. M. 14, 139.—Rarely transf. to the person: excidens, who forgets , forgetful , Quint. 11, 2, 19: palam moneri excidentis est, id. 11, 3, 132.—
3 (Ex) aliquā re, of persons, to be deprived of , to lose , miss , forfeit (esp. freq. since the Aug. per.; in Cic. not at all): ex familia, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104: uxore, to be disappointed of , Ter. And. 423: regno, Curt. 10, 5: quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis, failed in a great attempt , Ov. M. 2, 328; cf.: fine medicinae, Quint. 2, 17, 25: genere, id. 1, 5, 16: qui apud privatos judices plus petendo formula excidissent, i. e. who lost their suits (for the usual cadere formulā or causā; v. cado, II.), Suet. Claud. 14; Sen. Clem. 2, 3.