humanus

A New Latin Dictionary by Charlton T. Lewis Ph.D. and Charles Short, LL. D.

hūmānus (old form: HEMONA humana et HEMONEM hominem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 100 Müll.; cf. homo init.), a, um, adj. [homo], of or belonging to man, human.

I In gen.: esse aliquem humana specie et figura, qui tantum immanitate bestias vicerit, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 63: simulacra, id. Rep. 3, 9: caput, a human head , Hor. A. P. 1; Flor. 1, 7, 8: succidiae, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12: Cyclopis venter ... Carnibus humanis distentus, human flesh , Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 870 P. (Ann. v. 327 Vahl,): humana qui dape pavit equas, Ov. H. 9, 68: Athenas obsidione et fame ad humanos cibos compulit, Flor. 3, 5, 10: hostiae, human sacrifices , Cic. Font. 10 21; Tac. G. 9; Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 82; Flor. 1, 16, 7: lac, human milk , Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123: nec distare humana carne suillam, Juv. 14, 98: carnibus humanis vesci, id. 15, 13: societas generis humani, of the human race , Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf.: eos (deos) non curare opinor quid agat humanum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104 (Trag. v. 354 Vahl.); v. genus: ubi remissa humana vita corpus requiescat malis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 416 ib.); cf.: humanae vitae varia reputantes mala, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115; and Cic. Rep. 6, 18; in the comp. : ergo hercules vita humanior sine sale non quit degere, Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 88: omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum, Cic. Lael. 6, 20; v. divinus: amor, id. ib. 21, 81: natura, id. Rep. 1, 14: virtus, id. ib. 1, 7 fin. : casus, id. Lael. 2, 7: cultus, id. de Or. 1, 8, 33: humanissima voluptas, id. Ac. 2 ( Luc. ), 41, 127: ignes, i. e. which men daily use , Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 239: dapes, i. e. human excrements , id. 17, 9, 6, § 51: memoria, Tac. A. 11, 14: ultra modum humanum, id. ib. 11, 21: humanum facinus factumst, customary , Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 8: nec quisquam dixerit, in eo qui obdormivit, rem eum humanam et naturalem passum, Mos. et Rom. Coll. 12, 7, 7: major imago humana, of superhuman size , Juv. 13, 222: humanum sacrificium dicebant, quod mortui causa fiebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 103 Müll.: scelus, committed against men , Liv. 3, 19 fin. ; 29, 18 fin. : si quid mihi humanum contigerit, if any thing should happen to me , i. e. if I should die , Dig. 16, 3, 26 (for which, humanitus, q. v.): persuasit nox, amor, vinum, adulescentia: Humanum'st, Ter. Ad. 471: metum virgarum navarchus pretio redemit: humanum est; alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit: usitatum est, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 117; cf. Ter. Hec. 553; id. Ad. 471: humano quodam modo, Quint. 10, 3, 15: res humani juris, property (opp. res divini juris, things sacred or religious ), Gai. Inst. 2, 2; 9 sqq.; 3, 97: ne vinum ... esse sacrum incipiat et ex usibus eripiatur humanis, Arn. adv. Gent. 7, 31.— As substt.

A hūmāni , ōrum, m., men , mortals , Lucr. 3, 80; 837: natura humanis omnia sunt paria, Varr. ap. Non. 81, 10.—

B hūmānum , i, n., that which is human , mortal , etc.: ignem magnum hic faciam. Dae. Quine ut humanum exuras tibi? Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 62: non hercle humanust ergo: nam volturio plus humani credost, id. Mil. 4, 2, 53: si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset, Liv. 5, 4, 9: pulcher et humano major trabeaque decorus Romulus, Ov. F. 2, 503 (but in Cic. Att. 13, 21, 5, homo is the true reading): homo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. Heaut. 77: Satyris praeter effigiem nihil humani, Mel. 1, 8, 10; si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset, Sall. H. Fragm. 5, 16 Dietsch.—

C Plur. : hūmā-na , ōrum, n., human affairs , the concerns of men , events of life : qui omnia humana, quaecumque accidere possunt, tolerabilia ducat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 17; cf.: despicientem omnia humana, id. Rep. 1, 17; and: haec caelestia semper spectato, illa humana contemnito, id. ib. 6, 19: si quicquam humanorum certi est, Liv. 5, 33, 1: deos esse et non neglegere humana, id. 3, 56, 7.— Comp. (very rare): respiratio humanior, i. e. freer , Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 2.

II In partic.

A Humane , philanthropic , kind , gentle , obliging , polite (syn.: comis, urbanus): te esse humano ingenio existumo, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 127: Cyrum minorem Persarum regem et ceteris in rebus communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse, Cic. de Sen. 17, 59; cf.: homo facillimus atque humanissimus, id. Att. 16, 16, C, 12: humani ingeni Mansuetique animi officia, Ter. And. 113; cf.: quod ipse moderatissimi atque humanissimi fuit sensus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5: Catonis (praeceptum) humanissimum utilissimumque, Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 44 (cf. Cato R. R. 4). —

B Of good education , well-informed , learned , polite , refined : gentem quidem nullam video neque tam humanam atque doctam neque tam immanem atque barbaram, quae non significari futura posse censeat, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2; cf.: homo doctissimus atque humanissimus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98: homines periti et humani, id. ib. 2, 5, 28, § 70: haec ego non possum dicere non esse hominis quamvis et belli et humani, id. Fin. 2, 31, 102: Praxiteles nemini est paulum modo humaniori ignotus, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 16, 3 (eruditiori doctiorique, Gell.; see the entire chap.): humanissimus sermo, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2.—Hence, adv. in two forms: hūmānē and hūmānĭter .

1 (Acc. to I.) Humanly , agreeably to human nature , in a manner becoming humanity.

α Form humane: vix humane patitur, Ter. Ad. 145: intervalla vides humane commoda, i. e. exceedingly , charmingly commodious , Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 70: morbos toleranter atque humane ferunt, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65.—

β Form humaniter: docebo profecto, quid sit humaniter vivere, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5: sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus, id. Att. 1, 2, 1.—

b Comp. : si qui forte, cum se in luctu esse vellent, aliquid fecerunt humanius, aut si hilarius locuti sunt, Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64.—

2 In partic. (acc. to II. A.), humanely , pleasantly , courteously , kindly , gently , politely , etc.

α Form humane: Hirtium aliquid ad te συμπαθῶς de me scripsisse facile patior: fecit enim humane, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 1.—

β Form humaniter: invitus litteras tuas scinderem: ita sunt humaniter scriptae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 509, 21: fecit humaniter Licinius, id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1.—

b Sup. : quod se sua voluntate erga Caesarem humanissime diligentissimeque locutus esses, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20: quam humanissime scribere, id. Fam. 2, 17, 6; 5, 20, 8; cf. Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3: ducem se itineris humanissime promisit, Petr. 8.

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