is, ĕa, id (m. eis, C. I. L. 1, 198; n. it, ib. 5, 875 al., and freq. in MSS. of Plaut.), gen. ējus (old form eiius, C. I. L. 3, 1365 et saep.; v. Prisc. 1, 4, 18, p. 545; also etius, ib. 2, 1276 al.; scanned ĕius, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Eun. 131; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374; also Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 109: eius, monosyl., Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206; Ter. Eun. 621 et saep.; dat. ĕï, in ante-class. poetry often ēi, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Heaut. 455; Lucr. 2, 1136; 5, 300: eiei, C. I. L. 1, 198, 12 al.: eei, Inscr. Neap. 2423: iei, C. I. L. 1, 205, col. 2, 12 al.: ei, monosyl., Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 68; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138 et saep.; Cat. 82, 3; cf. Prisc. 7, 5, 21, p. 740; Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374: eo, Inscr. Murat. 582; f. eae, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 77 Ritschl; Cato R. R. 46, 1; v. Varr. L. L. 8, 28, 51; acc. im for eum, Lex ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Charis. 1, 17, p. 107 sq.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 103; also em, Tab. XII., tab. 1, fr. 1.— Plur. nom. m. ĕi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 32; id. Stich. 1, 3, 47; Ter. Ad. 23; but in the MSS. ii; Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87 et saep.: eei, Inscr. Neap. 2423, 8: iei, C. I. L. 1, 185; Varr. L. L. 9, 1, 2 al.; but ī, Plaut. Trin. prol. 17; id. Mil. 3, 1, 158 al.; v. Ritschl prol. p. 98; gen. eum for eorum, Inscr. Murat. 582, 2; dat. and abl. eīs or iīs, also īs, C. I. L. 1, 198, 48; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 140, and freq. in MSS.: eis, monosyl., Ter. And. 63; id. Eun. 1089 al.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 4, 934: ieis, C. I. L. 1, 204, col. 1, 5 al.; old form also ībus, Plaut. Mil. 1, 74; id. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ĭbus, Titin. et Pomp. ap. Non. p. 486; Lucr. 2, 88; cf. S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; v. Lachm. l. l.; f. eābus, Cato R. R. 152; cf. Prisc. 7, 3, 11, p. 733; v. more on these forms, Neue, Formenl. 2, 191-196), pron. demonstr. [root i-; Sanscr. itas; hence, i-ha, here; cf. i-bi, i-ta, i-dem, etc.].
I He , she , it; this or that man, woman, thing.
A Referring to something already mentioned, in gen.
1 Referring to the third person : fuit quidam senex Mercator: navem is fregit apud Andrum insulam: Is obiit mortem, Ter. And. 221: venit mihi obviam tuus puer: is mihi litteras abs te reddidit, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1: objecit ut probrum nobiliori, quod is, etc., id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3.—
2 Of the first person : ego me credidi Homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi mando maxumo, Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47: haec omnia is feci, qui sodalis Dolabellae eram, Cic. Fam. 12, 14; Sen. Ep. 63 al. —
3 Of the second person : qui magister equitum fuisse tibi viderere, is per municipia cucurristi, Cic. Phil. 2, 30.—
B Esp.
1 In connection with a noun : ea re, quia turpe sit, faciendum non esse, Cic. Off. 3, 13: ea res ut est Helvetiis enuntiata, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 4: ne ob eam rem tribueret, etc., id. ib. 1, 13: flumen est Arar ... id flumen, etc., id. ib. 1, 12: sub id tempus, Liv. 43, 5, 3: ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi, Cic. Lael. 1, 3: ante eam diem, id. Att. 2, 11, 2: ea tempestate, Sall. C. 36, 4: quam urbem is rex condidit, Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 61.—
2 When is , ea , id would stand in the same case with the relative it is usually omitted; when the relative precedes, it is sometimes employed for emphasis: male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id temptatur pecuniā, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22. —
3 Connected with que and quidem , it gives prominence to a preceding idea: cum una legione eaque vacillante, and that , Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: inprimis nobis sermo isque multus de te fuit, id. Att. 5, 1, 3: tuus dolor humanus is quidem, sed, etc., id. ib. 12, 10: vincula et ea sempiterna, id. Cat. 4, 4, 7: certa flagitiis merces, nec ea parva, id. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—
4 It is sometimes used instead of the reflexive pronoun : Helvetii persuadent Rauracis, ut una cum iis (for secum) proficiscantur, Caes. B. G. 1, 5: Caesar etiam privatas injurias ultus est, quod ejus soceri avum Tigurini interfecerant, id. ib. 1, 12. —
5 It is sometimes placed, for greater emphasis, after a relative : multitudinem, quae fortunis vestris imminebat, eam ... se fecisse commemorat, ut, etc., Cic. Mil. 35, 95; cf.: urbem novam conditam vi et armis, jure eam legibusque de integro condere parat, Liv. 1, 19, 1.—
C Id, n., to designate an idea in the most general manner, that (thing, fact, thought, circumstance, etc.).
1 In gen.: quando verba vana ad id locorum fuerint, rebus standum esse, hitherto , till now , Liv. 9, 45, 2; so, ad id (sc. tempus), id. 3, 22: ad id diei, Gell. 17, 8: ad id quod natura cogeret, i. e. death, Nep. Att. 22, 2: id temporis, at that time , Cic. Mil. 10, 28; id. Cat. 4, 1, 10: id. Att. 13, 33: id aetatis, at that age , id. de Or. 1, 47; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91.—
2 Esp.
α Id, therefore , for that reason , on that account : id ego gaudeo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3: id misera maesta est, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 66: idne estis auctores mihi? do you advise me to that? Ter. Ad. 939.—
β Id genus = ejus generis, Gell. 9, 12, 13: aliquid id genus scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3.—
γ Ad id, for that purpose : ad id quod sua quemque mala cogebant, evocati, Liv. 3, 7, 8: ad id quod = praeterquam quod, besides that : consul ad id, quod, etc., tunc quoque, etc., id. 44, 37, 12; 3, 62, 1; 26, 45, 8 al.—
δ In id, to that end , on that account , therefore : in id fide a rege accepta, Liv. 28, 17.—
ε In eo est, it is gone so far , is at that pass : quod ad me de Lentulo scribis, non est in eo, it is not come to that , is not so , Cic. Att. 12, 40: cum jam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet miles, when the soldiers were just on the point of scaling the walls , Liv. 2, 17, 5; 28, 22, 8; Nep. Milt. 7, 3: in eo est, also, it consists in that , depends upon that : totum in eo est tectorium, ut sit concinnum, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1, § 1: ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc., id. de Or. 1, 57, 254: sic velim enitare quasi in eo mihi sint omnia, id. Fam. 15, 14.—
ζ Ex eo, from that , hence : sed tamen ex eo, quod eam voluptatem videtur amplexari saepe vehementius, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 9. —
η Cum eo, ut (with subj.), with the condition or stipulation that , etc., Liv. 8, 14.—
θ Eo, adverbially, with the comp. , so much , by so much; but frequently to be expressed in English by the , Cic. Quint. 9; so id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5.—
D Sometimes is refers to the foll. substantive, instead of to the preceding relative: quae vectigalia locasset, ea rata locatio (for eorum), Liv. 23, 11: ea libera conjectura est (for de hac re), id. 4, 20: quae pars major erit, eo stabitur consilio (for ejus), id. 7, 35: existit ea, quae gemma dicitur, Cic. de Sen. 15, 53.—Sometimes, for emphasis, it is placed before the relative quod, to represent a thought or clause: ratus, id quod negotium poscebat, Jugurtham venturum, Sall. J. 56, 1; id. C. 51, 20: sive ille hoc ingenio potuisset, sive, id quod constaret, Platonis studiosus audiendi fuisset, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 89: si nos, id quod debet, nostra patria delectat, id. ib. 1, 44, 196: si, id quod facile factu fuit, vi armisque superassem, id. Sest. 17, 39; 13, 30; so, id quo, id. Inv. 1, 26, 39: id de quo, Liv. 21, 10, 9. — It is thus apparently pleonastic after substantives: Octavio Mamilio—is longe princeps Latini nominis erat ...—ei Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, Liv. 1, 49, 9: cultrum, quem habebat, eum defigit, id. 1, 58, 11; cf. id. 3, 58, 1.—It is rarely pleonastic after the relative: quod ne id facere posses, idcirco dixeram, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79 dub. (B. and K. bracket id). —
II He , she , it; that man or the man ( woman , thing ), the one , that one , as a correlative to qui: si is, qui erit adductus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207: is mihi profecto servus spectatus satis, Cui dominus curae est, Ter. Ad. 893. And also in the first person: haec tibi scribo ... is, qui flevi, Sen. Ep. 1.—
III Such , of such a sort , character , or quality : in eum jam rediit locum, ut, etc., Ter. Heaut. 359: neque enim tu is es, qui, quid sis, nescias, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6; 4, 7, 2: itaque ego is in illum sum, quem tu me esse vis, id. Att. 7, 8, 1: is eram natus ... ut potuerim, Liv. 7, 40, 8.— Adj. : nec tamen eas cenas quaero, ut magnae reliquiae fiant, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 8; id. Clu. 70: quae causae sunt ejus modi, ut de earum jure dubium esse non possit, id. de Or. 1, 57, 241: est enim credo is vir iste, ut civitatis nomen sua auctoritate sustineat, id. Fl. 15, 34. —
B Such , so great , of so high a degree : L. Mescinius ea mecum consuetudine conjunctus est, quod mihi quaestor fuit, Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 1.—Hence, advv.
1 ĕā (sc. parte, viā, etc.), on that side , by that way , there : quod eā proxime accedi poterat, Cic. Caecin. 8, 21: itinera muniit: effecit ut eā elephantus ornatus ire posset, quā antea, etc., Nep. Ham. 3 fin. : postquam comperit, transitum eā non esse, Liv. 21, 32, 9; 5, 43, 2; 24, 2 fin. ; 26, 11 fin. ; 27, 15 fin. al. —
2 ĕō , v. 2. eo.