pĕr-ĕo, ĭi (īvi), ĭtum, īre (periet for peribit, Coripp. Johann. 7, 27; perf. perivit, Ap. Met. 4, 21, 20; perīt, Juv. 8, 85: perisset, Lact. 3, 20, 17 al.: perisse, Liv. 1, 49, 1; Ov. Am. 2, 19, 56; fut. periet, Vulg. Sap. 4, 19 al.), v. n.
I To pass away , come to nothing; to vanish , disappear , be lost : e patriā, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 5: ecqua inde perisset soror, Ter. Eun. 521: ne vena periret aquae, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 16.—
B Esp., to pass through , leak , be absorbed (poet.): lymphae Dolium pereuntis, Hor. C. 3, 11, 27; cf.: postremo pereunt imbres, ubi eos pater aether In gremium matris terrai praecipitavit, Lucr. 1, 250.—
II To pass away , to be destroyed , to perish (the predom. and class. signif. of the word; syn.: occĭdo, intereo, obeo).
A In gen.: aedes cum fundamento perierint, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 69: tantam pecuniam tam brevi tempore perire potuisse, Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 11: totum exercitum periturum, Nep. Epam. 7, 4: fac pereat vitreo miles ab hoste tuus (in the game of chess), let your knight be taken by a pawn , Ov. A. A. 2, 208: causae cur urbes perirent, Hor. C. 1, 16, 19: peritura regna, Verg. G. 2, 498: puppis, Ov. F. 3, 600: Troja peritura, Verg. A. 2, 660: pereunt sole tepente nives, melt away , Ov. F. 3, 236: telum rubigine, Hor. S. 2, 1, 13: comae, Ov. Am. 1, 14, 30: fabae laeso flore, id. F. 5, 267.—Of the crocus: gaudet calcari et atteri, pereundoque melius provenit, Plin. 21, 6, 17, § 34.—
B In partic.
1 To perish , lose one's life , die (class.): non intellego, quamobrem, si vivere honeste non possunt, perire turpiter velint; aut cur minore dolore perituros se cum multis, quam si soli pereant, arbitrentur, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21: summo cruciatu supplicioque, id. N. D. 3, 33, 81: fame, id. Inv. 2, 57, 172: eodem leto esse pereundum, id. Div. 1, 26, 56: morbo, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 86: naufragio, Cic. Deiot. 9, 25: hominum manibus, Verg. A. 3, 606: uterque juravit, periturum inter nos secretum, that it should perish with us , Petr. 21: ab Hannibale, at his hands , Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: perire turpiter, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21: fortiter, Hor. S. 2, 3, 42: generosius, id. C. 1, 37, 21: a morbo, Nep. Reg. 3, 3.—
2 To pine away with love , to be desperately in love; to love to desperation (poet.): indigno cum Gallus amore peribat, Verg. E. 10, 10; Cat. 45, 3: quo beatus Vulnere, quā pereat sagittā, Hor. C. 1, 27, 11: ipse Paris nudā fertur periisse Lacaenā, Prop. 2, 12, 13.—With acc. of the beloved object, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 135.—
3 To be lost , wasted , spent in vain : ne et oleum et opera perierit, Cic. Att. 2, 17, 1: tempora, Ov. R. Am. 107: labor, id. M. 1, 273: nullus perit otio dies, Plin. 11, 6, 5, § 14: ne nummi pereant, Hor. S. 1, 2, 133: minae, Ter. Ad. 743: aurum, Col. 11, 1, 29; cf. actiones, Liv. 39, 18.—
4 To be lost , ruined , undone : quid fieri tum potuit? jampridem perieramus, Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1: meo vitio pereo, id. ib. 11, 9, 1.—Hence, perii, etc., as an exclamation of despair, I am lost! I'm undone! hei mihi, disperii! vocis non habeo satis: vicini, interii, perii, Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 36: perii, interii, occidi! quo curram! quo non curram? id. Aul. 4, 9, 1: perii animo, am disheartened , id. Rud. 2, 6, 26; cf.: ingenio perii, Ov. Tr. 2, 2; Lucr. 4, 1136: periimus, actum est, we are lost , it is all over with us , Ter. Ad. 324: perierat et inventus est, Vulg. Luc. 24, 32; 15, 6.—So, peream, si, nisi, in asseverations, may I perish , may I die , if or if not , Ov. H. 17, 183; Cassiod. ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 19, 4; Ov. P. 3, 5, 47; id. H. 17, 183.— Gerund and gerundive : nisi illud perdo argentum, pereundum est mihi, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 91; Prop. 2, 1, 53: pereundi figurae, Ov. H. 10, 81: pereundi terminus, Sil. 3, 559: puppis pereunda est probe, must be lost , Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 70.—
C Trop., of moral qualities, etc.: pudor periit, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 81: fides, id. Truc. 1, 1, 24: virtus, Ov. F. 2, 227.