poena, ae, f. [Gr. ποινή, ἄποινα, quitmoney, fine; Lat. pūnio, poenitet], indemnification, compensation, satisfaction, expiation, punishment, penalty (cf. mulcta).
I Lit.: SI INIVRIAM FAXIT ALTERI VIGINTI QVINQVE AERIS POENAE SVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tab.: mi calido das sanguine poenas, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 101 Vahl.); imitated by Virgil: tu tamen interea calido mihi sanguine poenas Persolves amborum, Verg. A. 9, 422 Serv.: poenas justas et debitas solvere, Cic. Mil. 31, 85: poenas pendere, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 21; cf. id. As. 2, 4, 77: maximas poenas pendo temeritatis meae, Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1; cf.: rei publicae poenas aut morte aut exsilio dependere, id. Sest. 67, 140: poenas pro civibus suis capere, Sall. J. 68, 3: id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae redditum, Liv. 7, 19, 3: ut vobis victi Poeni poenas sufferant, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 54: poenas sufferre, id. Am. 3, 4, 19: ob mortem alicujus poenas luere, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 90: poenas pro aliquā re luere, Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21; 4, 11, 11; 7, 11, 2: poenam dignam suo scelere suscipere, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7: poenas a seditioso cive persequi, id. Fam. 1, 9: poenas doloris sui ab aliquo petere, id. Att. 1, 16, 7: repetere poenas ab aliquo, id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67: afficere aliquem poenā, id. Off. 2, 5, 18: multā et poenā multare aliquem, id. Balb. 18, 42: poena falsarum litterarum, id. Fl. 17, 39: reticentiae poena, id. Off. 3, 16, 65: poenas acquas irroget peccatis, Hor. S. 1, 3, 118: mediocrium delictorum poenae, Paul. Sent. 5, 17, 3: poena nummaria, a fine , Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 14, 2, 2; so, pecuniaria, Gai. Inst. 4, 111.—
B Poena, the goddess of punishment or vengeance; in plur.: Poenae, the goddesses of vengeance , sometimes identified by the poets with the Furiae: o Poena, o Furia sociorum! Cic. Pis. 37, 91; cf.: saeva sororum Poena parens, Val. Fl. 1, 796; so in sing., Stat. Th. 8, 25; in plur., Cic. Clu. 61, 171; Luc. 6, 695; Varr. ap. Non. 390, 9; Val. Fl. 7, 147.—
II Transf., hardship , torment , suffering , pain , etc. (postAug.): frugalitatem exigit philosophia, non poenam, Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 23, 2, 28, § 59: captivitatis, Just. 11, 14, 11.—In plur.: in tantis vitae poenis, Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 27: balaenae pariendi poenis invalidae, id. 9, 6, 5, § 13: longa poenarum patientia, Just. 3, 5, 2: ebrius qui nullum forte cecidit, dat poenas, is in anguish , Juv. 3, 279.