poenālis, e, adj. [poena],
of or belonging to punishment , penal (post-Aug.; esp. freq. in the jurists): opera, Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 112: poenalis aquae dirisque genitae, in the infernal regions , id. 4, 8, 15, § 31: ex lege poenali aquā et igne interdici, by the penal law , Gai. Inst. 1, § 128: actio, Dig. 40, 12, 21: causa, ib. 46, 3, 7: conditio, ib. 22, 2, 5: stipulatio, ib. 19, 2, 54 et saep.— Absol. : poenāles , ĭum, m., men subject to punishment , criminals : carcer poenalium, Cod. Just. 10, 19, 2.— Sup. : inter haec horrenda et poenalissima, exceedingly punishable or criminal , Salv. Avar. 2, 10.— Adv.: poenālĭter , by punishment or penalty (post-class.): reus poenaliter interibat, Amm. 16, 8, 2.