surgo and surrĭgo (subr-): surrexi and subrexi, surrectum and subrectum, 3 (perf. surregit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 296 Müll.; orig. forms: surrigit, Verg. A. 4, 183; Sen. Q. N. 6, 4: surriguntur, id. Ira, 1, 1 med.: surrigebant, Hier. Vit. Hil. fin.: subrigens, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88; 10, 29, 44, § 86: subrigere, id. 18, 35, 89, § 365. — Sync. forms: surrexti, Mart. 5, 79, 1: surrexe, Hor. S. 1, 9, 73), v. a. and n. [contr. from surrigo, from sub-rego].
I Act. , to lift or raise up , to raise , erect , elevate (very rare; after the Aug. per., the original uncontracted forms were chiefly used in this sense, to distinguish it from the class. signif., II.): plaudite, valete: lumbos surgite atque extollite, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 68: caput, Sen. Herc. Fur. 329: omnes capitum hiatus ( = capita hiantia), Stat. Th. 2, 27: surgit caput Apenninus, Avien. Perieg. 484: tot surrigit aures, Verg. A. 4, 183: terrae motus defert montes, surrigit plana, valles extuberat, Sen. Q. N. 6, 4, 2: paulatim subrigens se, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88: cristam, id. 10, 29, 44, § 86: cornua, Col. 7, 3, 3; cf. mid.: horrent et surriguntur capilli, rise , stand erect , Sen. Ira, 1, 1, 4: hastae surrectā cuspide in terrā fixae, Liv. 8, 8: mucrone surrecto, id. 7, 10, 10: calcar equo, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 12: aures subrectae furentibus, Plin. 11, 37, 50, § 137: turres subrectae, Sen. Ep. 86, 4: surrecta moles, Sil. 2, 599.—
II Neutr. , to rise , arise , to get up , stand up (the predominant and class. signif. of the word; syn.: exsurgo, exorior).
A Lit.
1 In gen.: a mensā surgunt saturi, poti, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62: a cenā, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 13: e lecto, Ter. Ad. 520: e lectulo, Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112: de sellā, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147: ex subselliis, id. Fl. 10, 22: solio, Ov. M. 3, 273: humo, id. ib. 2, 771; id. F. 6, 735: toro, id. M. 9, 702: toris, id. ib. 12, 579: ab umbris ad lumina vitae, Verg. A. 7, 771.— Esp., of an orator: cur, cum tot summi oratores sedeant, ego potissimum surrexerim, Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1: ad dicendum, id. de Or. 2, 78, 316; Quint. 2, 6, 2: ad respondendum, Cic. Clu. 18, 51: surgit ad hos Ajax, Ov. M. 13, 2.— Absol. : nolo eum, qui dicturus est, sollicitum surgere, Quint. 12, 5, 4: secundā vigiliā surgit, breaks up the camp , marches , Curt. 5, 4, 23.—
b Of things, to rise , mount up , ascend (mostly poet.; syn. ascendo): surgat pius ignis ab arā, Ov. P. 4, 9, 53: jussit subsidere valles ... lapidosos surgere montes, id. M. 1, 44: mons Rhipaeus, Mel. 1, 19 fin. : Atlas, id. 3, 10. — Of the sea: fretum, Ov. M. 14, 711: mare, id. ib. 15, 508: aequora, Verg. A. 3, 196: undae, id. ib. 6, 354: amoeni fontes, Quint. 8, 3, 8: cacumina oleae in altum, id. 8, 3, 10: fistula disparibus avenis, Ov. M. 8, 192; cf. poet.: surgens in cornua cervus ( = ferens cornua ardua), i. e. towering , Verg. A. 10, 725: umeri surgunt, id. ib. 10, 476: lux Praecipitatur aquis et aquis nox surgit ab isdem, Ov. M. 4, 92; id. F. 4, 629: sol, Hor. S. 1, 9, 73: dies, Verg. G. 3, 400: luna, id. A. 6, 453: tenebrae, Sen. Thyest. 822: austri, Verg. A. 3, 481: ventus, id. ib. 5, 777: quae (aedes) proxima surgit ovili, stands , Juv. 6, 529.—
2 In partic.
a To rise , arise , get up from bed, from sleep: ille multo ante lucem surrexit, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: ante lucem, id. Att. 16, 13, a: cum die, Ov. M. 13, 677: mane ad invisas rotas, id. Am. 1, 13, 38: ad lites novas, id. ib. 1, 13, 22: ad praescripta munia, Hor. S. 2, 2, 81.—
b To rise in growth, to spring up , grow up; to rise in building, be built , etc. (poet. and in post - Aug. prose): venerata Ceres culmo surgeret alto, Hor. S. 2, 2, 124: nec potuere surgere messes, Verg. G. 1, 161: harundo, Ov. M. 13, 891: sementis, Col. 2, 8, 5: surgens arx, Verg. A. 1, 366; cf.: nunc aggere multo Surgit opus, Luc. 2, 679: area cinere mixtisque pumicibus oppleta surrexerat, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 14: Ascanius surgens, growing , Verg. A. 4, 274.—
c To ascend , go up : ad auras Aetherias, i. e. into life , Verg. A. 6, 762.—
B Trop., to rise , arise , occur , etc. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): multum supra prosam orationem surgit, Quint. 10, 1, 81: quae nunc animo sententia surgit? Verg. A. 1, 582: pugna aspera surgit, id. ib. 9, 667: discordia, id. ib. 12, 313: rumor, Tac. H. 2, 42: honor, Ov. F. 5, 228: ingenium suis velocius annis, id. A. A. 1, 186: non ulla laborum nova mi facies surgit, Verg. A. 6, 104.—Of the swell of a verse: sex mihi surgat opus numeris; in quinque residat (cf.: "in the hexameter rises the fountain's silvery column," Coleridge), Ov. Am. 1, 1, 27. —
2 With in or ad and acc., to rise to or against , to attempt , assume , attack , etc. (poet. and late Lat.): in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis Tydides, Verg. A. 10, 28: surrecturus in vires, si ipse quoque lacesseretur, Amm. 31, 3, 4: Procopius in res surrexerat novas, id. 26, 5, 8: ad motum certaminum civilium avide surrecturus, id. 21, 15, 1: ad insontium pericula surrexerunt, id. 21, 13, 14; Ap. Met. 7, 23, 6.